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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Disease >Aboveground Root Collar Excavation of Peach Trees for Armillaria Root Rot Management
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Aboveground Root Collar Excavation of Peach Trees for Armillaria Root Rot Management

机译：蜜环菌根腐病防治桃树地上根系开挖

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摘要

Root collar excavation (RCE) has been applied to established citrus trees and grapevines for Armillaria root rot (ARR) control but, despite its demonstrated effectiveness, this cultural management system is not routinely used for ARR protection in disease-infested replant sites. One major drawback is the difficulty of excavating the belowground root collar, the potential of excavated roots to be covered again with surrounding soil, and the associated labor cost. In this study, a new cultural method was investigated that resulted in trees with aboveground excavated root collars, potentially eliminating many of the drawbacks. Experimental peach trees were planted in two commercial orchards (designated Landrum and Monetta) in South Carolina; each tree replaced one that had declined from ARR disease the year before. Trees were planted approximately 40 cm higher than normal in open-bottom Smart Pots and root collars were excavated above ground level 8 months later. Five years after planting, 30 and 70% of all control trees (planted according to grower standard) had declined from ARR disease in Landrum and Monetta, respectively, whereas only 0 and 10%, respectively, of trees in the aboveground root collar excavation (AG-RCE) treatment had declined. The difference in disease pressure between the two locations could not be attributed to differences in nematode pressure. Nonexcavated trees in Smart Pots revealed significantly less tree decline (P <= 0.05) compared with the control but tree decline in both locations was greater compared with the AG-RCE treatment (P <= 0.05). Trees in the AG-RCE treatment were as vigorous as the controls but produced more root suckers. In this 'prototype' study, we demonstrate the potential of aboveground root collar excavation for ARR management. Its potential for commercial use is discussed.
机译：根领开挖（RCE）已用于成熟的柑橘树和葡萄树上，以控制蜜环菌根腐病（ARR），但尽管已证明其有效性，但该文化管理系统并未常规用于病虫害重植地点的ARR保护。一个主要的缺点是难以挖掘地下根环，挖掘的根再次被周围土壤覆盖的可能性以及相关的人工成本。在这项研究中，研究了一种新的文化方法，该方法导致树木在地上挖出根环，从而可能消除许多弊端。实验性桃树种植在南卡罗来纳州的两个商业果园（分别称为Landrum和Monetta）中;每棵树替换了前一年因ARR疾病而下降的树。在底部开口的Smart Pot中将树木比正常高出约40厘米，并在8个月后从地面上挖出根环。种植五年后，兰德鲁姆和莫内塔分别有30％和70％的对照树（根据种植者的标准种植）因ARR病而退化，而地上根领开挖的树分别只有0％和10％（ AG-RCE）治疗已下降。这两个位置之间疾病压力的差异不能归因于线虫压力的差异。与对照相比，Smart Pots中未空化的树木显示出树木下降（P <= 0.05）明显较少，但与AG-RCE处理相比，两个位置的树木下降都更大（P <= 0.05）。 AG-RCE处理的树木与对照一样充满活力，但会产生更多的根吸盘。在这项“原型”研究中，我们证明了地上根环挖掘在ARR管理中的潜力。讨论了其商业用途的潜力。

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