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Detection of Dual Heterodera avenae Resistance plus Tolerance Traits in Spring Wheat

机译：春小麦双重杂种优势抗性及其耐性性状的检测

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The cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae reduces wheat yield in the Pacific Northwest. Resistance and tolerance traits among spring wheat cultivars were poorly defined. Screening trials were conducted with 39 cultivars over a 2-year period in irrigated commercial fields that were infested by H. avenae. Comparisons were made between drill strips treated or untreated with aldicarb at the time of planting. Root sampling at the time of plant anthesis indicated that cultivars differed greatly in susceptibility to H. avenae, with numbers of newly produced white H. avenae females ranging from <5 to 70 per plant. Aldicarb reduced mean numbersof white females as much as 99% on the most susceptible cultivar ('Glee') and increased mean grain yield as much as 77% for the least tolerant cultivar ('Cataldo'). Density of H. avenae eggs in untreated soil following harvest was significantly higher than the density in aldicarb-treated plots. Agronomically acceptable traits of resistance plus tolerance were identified in one cultivar of hard red spring wheat ('WB-Rockland') and two cultivars of hard white spring wheat ('Klasic' and 'LCS Star') but innone of the soft white spring wheat cultivars. This is the first report of spring wheat cultivars expressing the dual traits of resistance plus tolerance to H. avenae.
机译：谷物囊肿线虫Heterodera avenae降低了西北太平洋地区的小麦产量。春小麦品种的抗性和耐性性状定义不清。在2年的时间里，对39个栽培品种进行了筛选试验，这些栽培品种是在被avenae感染的商业化农田中进行的。在种植时对涕灭威处理过或未处理过的钻条进行了比较。在植物开花期进行的根取样表明，栽培品种对青蒿的敏感性差异很大，每株新产生的白色青蒿雌性数量在<5至70之间。涕灭威在最易感的品种（'Glee'）上使白人女性的平均数量减少多达99％，而对最不耐受的品种（'Cataldo'）的平均谷物产量增加了多达77％。收获后未经处理的土壤中的H. avenae卵的密度显着高于涕灭威处理过的地块的密度。在一个硬质红春小麦（'WB-Rockland'）和两个硬质白春小麦（'Klasic'和'LCS Star'）两个品种中鉴定出抗性和耐受性的农艺可接受性状，但在软质白春小麦中没有一个品种。这是春小麦品种表达抗性和耐受性双重特征的首次报道。

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