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Quantum nature of a nonlinear beam splitter

机译：非线性分束器的量子性质

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摘要

This is a review of a very interesting (in the authors' view) phenomenon the operation of a nonlinear light beam splitter. The beam splitter is a flat interface between two transparent dielectrics, at least one of which exhibits Kerr nonlinearity, i.e., its refractive index depends on the transmitted radiation intensity. Interestingly, quantum and classical theories make directly opposite predictions about the phase fluctuations of the output radiation of this device. In classical theory, the phases remain unchanged; in quantum theory, the phases fluctuate in accordance with the amplitude phase uncertainty relation. The origin of this difference is established at the fundamental level. A further remarkable point about this quantum paradox is that not only is the source beam split in two but one can also create conditions where the two split parts are respectively dominated by amplitude noise and phase noise, thus allowing the selection of photon fluctuations. Results of original studies are summarized and further developed.
机译：这是对非线性光束分离器的一种非常有趣的（在作者看来）现象的评论。分束器是两个透明电介质之间的平坦界面，其中至少一个具有Kerr非线性，即其折射率取决于透射的辐射强度。有趣的是，量子和经典理论对这种设备的输出辐射的相位波动做出了相反的预测。在经典理论中，阶段保持不变;在量子理论中，相位根据振幅相位不确定性关系波动。这种差异的根源建立在基本水平上。关于这一量子悖论的另一个显着点是，不仅源光束被一分为二，而且还可以创造条件，两个分裂部分分别由振幅噪声和相位噪声支配，从而允许选择光子涨落。对原始研究的结果进行了总结和进一步发展。

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