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ATTRACTORS AND FROZEN-IN INVARIANTS IN TURBULENT PLASMA

机译:湍流等离子体中的吸引子和冻结不变性

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摘要

Work on turbulent equipartitions in a plasma (i. e., attractors characterized by Lagrangian invariants) is reviewed. Although such attractors also exist in the convective zone of the Sun and in atmospheres, the primary emphasis is on turbulent transport in tokamaks. By extending the hydrodynamic concept of freezing to Vlasov's equation, it is explained why the magnetic field topology in a collisionless plasma is conserved even though the conventional hydrodynamic description breaks down. Arguments are presented to support the conjecture that the canonical profiles of tokamak plasma are due to an attractor with a plasma freezed into the poloidal magnetic field. In fact, the exclusion from the conventional set of freezing integrals of the one for the toroidal field is all what is needed. The reason for the violation of this invariant is the poloidal non-invariancy of the magnetic field, an effect to which trapped particles are particularly sensitive. The predictions of the attractor and of two attraction basin boundaries (H mode and transport suppression by the reversed shear) are confirmed experimentally to a reasonable accuracy.
机译:审查了等离子体中湍流等分的工作(即,以拉格朗日不变量为特征的吸引子)。尽管此类吸引子也存在于太阳的对流区内和大气中,但主要重点是托卡马克中的湍流传输。通过将冻结的流体力学概念扩展到弗拉索夫方程,可以解释为什么即使传统的流体力学描述崩溃了,无碰撞等离子体中的磁场拓扑仍然得以保留。提出了一些论据来支持这样的推测,即托卡马克等离子体的规范轮廓是由于等离子体冻结在多倍体磁场中的吸引子所致。实际上,仅需要将常规的冻结积分中的一个用于环形场就可以了。违反该不变性的原因是磁场的极向性不变性,对被捕获的粒子特别敏感。通过实验以合理的精度确定了吸引子和两个吸引盆边界(H模式和反向剪切的运移抑制)的预测。

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