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Minerals of the deep geospheres

机译：深层地球的矿物

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In this report I discuss the composition and structure of the Earth's mantle. Analysis of seismic tomography maps and the data on the material composition of the mantle shows that the mantle consists of several concentric zones, instead of the commonly accepted two zones, the upper and the lower. As in the Earth's crust, silicates are the predominant substance of the mantle, but structurally the silicates of the mantle differ substantially from those of the crust. More than one hundred tetrahedron complexes in the silicates of the Earth crust are replaced by no more than 20 structure types of this class of minerals in the mantle, and the main difference between these types lies in the transformation of Si tetrahedrons into Si octahedrons. In this sense, one can say that stishovite has opened up a new chapter of the crystal chemistry of silicates. new data on the structural transformation of minerals in the deep geospheres suggest that the mineralogical diversity of the deep zones of the mantle is much poorer than that of the Earth's crust, but nevertheless the mantle mineralogy is not as primitive as it was believed even two to three decades ago.
机译：在本报告中，我将讨论地球地幔的组成和结构。对地震层析成像图和地幔物质成分数据的分析表明，地幔由几个同心区域组成，而不是通常被接受的两个区域，即上部和下部。就像在地壳中一样，硅酸盐是地幔的主要物质，但是在结构上地幔的硅酸盐与地壳的硅酸盐有很大不同。地幔硅酸盐中的一百多种四面体络合物被地幔中此类矿物的不超过20种结构类型所取代，这些类型之间的主要区别在于Si四面体向Si八面体的转化。从这个意义上讲，可以说芒索石开辟了硅酸盐晶体化学的新篇章。关于深部地球圈中矿物结构变化的新数据表明，地幔深部区域的矿物学多样性比地壳的矿物学多样性差得多，但是，地幔矿物学却不像人们认为的那样原始。三十年前。

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