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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Conservation >Global food security, biodiversity conservation and the future of agricultural intensification. (Special Issue: Advancing environmental conservation. Essays in honor of Navjot Sodhi.)
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Global food security, biodiversity conservation and the future of agricultural intensification. (Special Issue: Advancing environmental conservation. Essays in honor of Navjot Sodhi.)

机译：全球粮食安全，生物多样性保护和农业集约化的未来。 （特刊：推进环境保护。为纪念纳乔·索迪而写的论文。）

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Under the current scenario of rapid human population increase, achieving efficient and productive agricultural land use while conserving biodiversity is a global challenge. There is an ongoing debate whether land for nature and for production should be segregated (land sparing) or integrated on the same land (land sharing, wildlife-friendly farming). While recent studies argue for agricultural intensification in a land sparing approach, we suggest here that it fails to account for real-world complexity. We argue that agriculture practiced under smallholder farmer-dominated landscapes and not large-scale farming, is currently the backbone of global food security in the developing world. Furthermore, contemporary food usage is inefficient with one third wasted and a further third used inefficiently to feed livestock and that conventional intensification causes often overlooked environmental costs. A major argument for wildlife friendly farming and agroecological intensification is that crucial ecosystem services are provided by "planned" and "associated" biodiversity, whereas the land sparing concept implies that biodiversity in agroecosystems is functionally negligible. However, loss of biological control can result in dramatic increases of pest densities, pollinator services affect a third of global human food supply, and inappropriate agricultural management can lead to environmental degradation. Hence, the true value of functional biodiversity on the farm is often inadequately acknowledged or understood, while conventional intensification tends to disrupt beneficial functions of biodiversity. In conclusion, linking agricultural intensification with biodiversity conservation and hunger reduction requires well-informed regional and targeted solutions, something which the land sparing vs sharing debate has failed to achieve so far.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.068
机译：在当前人口迅速增长的情况下，在保护生物多样性的同时实现有效和生产性的农业土地利用是一项全球性挑战。关于将用于自然和生产的土地应该隔离（保留土地）还是整合在同一土地上（土地共享，野生动植物养殖）的争论仍在持续。尽管最近的研究主张以节约土地的方式进行农业集约化，但我们在此建议它不能解决现实世界中的复杂性。我们认为，在小农户主导的景观下而不是在大规模耕作下进行的农业目前是发展中国家全球粮食安全的支柱。此外，当代的食物使用效率低下，浪费了三分之一，而另外三分之一则没有效率地用来喂养牲畜，而传统的集约化生产往往导致环境成本被忽视。野生动植物友好型农业和农业生态集约化的主要论点是，关键的生态系统服务由“计划的”和“相关的”生物多样性提供，而节约土地的概念意味着农业生态系统中的生物多样性在功能上可以忽略。然而，失去生物控制可能导致有害生物密度急剧增加，传粉媒介服务影响全球人类粮食供应的三分之一，不适当的农业管理可能导致环境恶化。因此，农场功能性生物多样性的真正价值通常未被充分认识或理解，而常规集约化往往会破坏生物多样性的有益功能。总之，将农业集约化与生物多样性保护和减少饥饿联系起来需要有见识的区域解决方案和针对性的解决方案，到目前为止，土地节约与共享的争论一直未能实现。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/10.1016 /j.biocon.2012.01.068

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