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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Conservation >Effects of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) exclusion on leaf litter amphibians and reptiles in a Neotropical wet forest, Costa Rica. (Special Issue: Defaunation's impact in terrestrial tropical ecosystems.)
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Effects of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) exclusion on leaf litter amphibians and reptiles in a Neotropical wet forest, Costa Rica. (Special Issue: Defaunation's impact in terrestrial tropical ecosystems.)

机译：在哥斯达黎加新热带湿润森林中，衣领野猪（Pecari tajacu）的排除对叶片凋落的两栖动物和爬行动物的影响。 （特刊：毁灭对陆地热带生态系统的影响。）

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Peccaries are known to shape vegetation structure and create important breeding habitat for some pond-breeding amphibians in Neotropical forests. Because peccaries are also important agents of disturbance and microhabitat variation in the litter, peccary loss could have important consequences for litter amphibians and reptiles that depend entirely upon the litter for shelter, foraging and reproduction sites, and thermoregulation. However, very little is known about the effects of peccaries or their loss on litter amphibians and reptiles. We experimentally reduced peccary density in 20x50 m fenced exclusion plots (n=5). We compared standing litter structure and amphibian and reptile abundance where peccaries were excluded to paired, open-forest control plots that had natural peccary densities. We encountered 16% more amphibian and reptile individuals in open control plots, and we encountered more juveniles of the most common anuran species in control plots than on peccary exclusions. Control plots had more compacted litter than peccary exclusion plots, indicating that peccaries alter the physical structure of the standing leaf litter in a way that promotes greater recruitment of juvenile anurans. Our results demonstrate that peccaries should be viewed not just as seed predators or ecosystem engineers for palms and pond-breeding amphibians, but also as important agents that affect leaf litter structure and abundance of terrestrial amphibians and reptiles. Peccary extirpation from overhunting or habitat degradation could have unexpected negative consequences for litter amphibians and reptiles, a diverse group already severely threatened by habitat loss, climate change, disease, and other anthropogenic effects worldwide.
机译：众所周知，野猪可以塑造植被结构，并为新热带森林中的一些池塘繁殖两栖动物创造重要的繁殖栖息地。由于野猪也是凋落物中微扰和微生境变化的重要推动者，因此，流落物的损失可能会对完全依赖于其栖身，觅食和繁殖场所以及温度调节的两栖动物和爬行动物产生重要影响。但是，人们对野猪的影响或它们对凋落的两栖动物和爬行动物的影响知之甚少。我们实验性地降低了20x50 m围栏隔离地块（n = 5）中的野猪密度。我们比较了站立杂物的结构和两栖动物和爬行动物的数量，在这些动物中，野猪被排除在成对的，具有自然野猪密度的开阔森林控制地块上。在开放控制地块中，我们遇到的两栖和爬行动物个体增加了16％，在控制区中，我们遇到了比常见的排泄物更多的最常见无色物种的幼虫。对照地块的垃圾较粪土排除地块更为紧密，这表明野兽以促进更大的幼年无性仔招募的方式改变了立叶垃圾的物理结构。我们的结果表明，野兽不仅应被视为棕榈和池塘两栖动物的种子捕食者或生态系统工程师，而且应被视为影响叶子凋落物结构以及陆地两栖动物和爬行动物数量的重要媒介。过度捕猎或栖息地退化导致的粪便灭绝可能会对垃圾两栖动物和爬行动物产生意想不到的负面影响，而这两个多样性群体已经受到栖息地丧失，气候变化，疾病和全球其他人为影响的严重威胁。

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