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首页> 外文期刊>Plasma physics and controlled fusion >Experimental and numerical characterization of ion-cyclotron heated protons on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
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Experimental and numerical characterization of ion-cyclotron heated protons on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak

机译：Alcator C-Mod托卡马克上离子回旋加速器质子的实验和数值表征

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摘要

Energetic minority protons with ~100 keV effective temperature are routinely created in Alcator C-Mod plasmas with the application of ion-cyclotron-range-of-frequency (ICRF) heating. A multichannel compact neutral particle analyzer (CNPA) is used to make measurements of these distributions in Alcator C-Mod's unique and reactor-relevant operating space via active and passive charge-exchange techniques. A radially injected 50 keV diagnostic hydrogen neutral beam is used for active analysis. Using a detailed model that accounts for beam, halo and impurity electron donors, core proton temperatures of ~30–120 keV are directly measured for the first time in lower density (ne0 ~ (0.8–1.5) × 1020 m-3) Alcator C-Mod plasmas with up to only ~0.5 MW of ICRF power. The model found that the minority proton temperatures are peaked spatially away from r/a = 0, even for an on-axis resonance. Additionally, noticeable phase-space anisotropy is seen as expected for ICRF heating. The measured effective temperatures also scale approximately with the Stix parameter. The CNPA temperature measurements are compared with several leading simulation packages such as the TORIC/FPPRF and AORSA/CQL3D full-wave/Fokker–Planck (FW/FP) solvers. Preliminary comparisons with the AORSA/CQL3D code which include results from a new synthetic diagnostic show good agreement and demonstrate that accurate tracking of the minority distribution during iterations of the FW and FP solvers is required to simulate Alcator C-Mod's energetic minority populations with accuracy. Physically, poor wave focusing and preferential heating of trapped energetic protons are found to move the fast proton temperature profiles off-axis. These FW/FP analyses represent the first comparison between predictions of these detailed codes and core minority tail experimental measurements on Alcator C-Mod.
机译：通常在Alcator C-Mod等离子体中使用离子回旋加速器频率范围（ICRF）加热来创建有效温度约为100 keV的高能质子。多通道紧凑型中性粒子分析仪（CNPA）用于通过主动和被动电荷交换技术对Alcator C-Mod独特且与反应堆相关的工作空间中的这些分布进行测量。径向注入的50 keV诊断氢中性束用于主动分析。使用详细的模型说明电子束，卤素和杂质电子给体，首次以较低密度（ne0〜（0.8-1.5）×1020 m-3）的Alcator C直接测量了约30–120 keV的核心质子温度。 -Mod等离子体具有高达〜0.5 MW的ICRF功率。该模型发现，即使对于轴上共振，少数质子温度也会在空间上远离r / a = 0达到峰值。此外，可以看出ICRF加热具有明显的相空间各向异性。测得的有效温度也大致与Stix参数成比例。将CNPA温度测量值与几种领先的仿真软件包进行比较，例如TORIC / FPPRF和AORSA / CQL3D全波/福克-普朗克（FW / FP）求解器。与AORSA / CQL3D代码的初步比较（包括新的综合诊断结果）显示出良好的一致性，并表明需要精确跟踪FW和FP解算器迭代期间的少数群体分布，才能准确模拟Alcator C-Mod的充满活力的少数群体。从物理上讲，发现不良的波聚焦和被俘获的高能质子的优先加热会导致快速质子温度分布偏离轴方向。这些FW / FP分析代表了这些详细代码的预测与Alcator C-Mod上的核心少数尾部实验测量值之间的首次比较。

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