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Turbulent particle transport in magnetized fusion plasma

机译:磁化聚变等离子体中的湍流粒子传输

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Understanding the mechanisms responsible for particle transport is of the utmost importance for magnetized fusion plasmas. A peaked density profile is attractive to improve the fusion rate, which is proportional to the square of the density, and to self-generate a large fraction of non-inductive current required for continuous operation.Experiments in various tokamak devices (ASDEX Upgrade, DIII-D, JET, TCV, TEXT, TFTR) indicate the existence of a turbulent particle pinch. Recently, such a turbulent pinch has been unambiguously identified in Tore Supra very long discharges, in the absence of both collisional particle pinch and central particle source, for more than 4 min (Hoang et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 155002). This turbulent pinch is predicted by a quasilinear theory of particle transport (Weiland J et al 1989 Nucl. Fusion 29 1810), and confirmed by nonlinear turbulence simulations (Garbet et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 9103500 1) and general considerations based on the conservation of motion invariants (Baker et al 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11992). Experimentally, the particle pinch is found to be sensitive to the magnetic field gradient in many cases (Hoang et al 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 135003, Zabolotsky et al 2003 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 45 735, Weisen et al 2004 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46 751, Baker et al 2000 Nucl. Fusion 40 1003), to the temperature profile (Hoang et al 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 135003, Angioni et al 2004 Nucl. Fusion 44 827), and also to the collisionality that changes the nature of the microturbulence (Angioni et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 205003, Garzotti et al 2003 Nucl. Fusion 43.1829, Weisen et al 2004 31st EPS Conf. on Plasma Phys. (London) vol 28G (ECA) P-1.146, Lopes Cardozo N J 1995 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 37 799). The consistency of some of the observed dependences with the theoretical predictions gives us a clearer understanding of the particle pinch in tokamaks, allowing us to predict more accurately the density profile in ITER.
机译:对于磁化聚变等离子体,了解负责颗粒传输的机制至关重要。峰值密度分布图很有吸引力,可以提高与密度平方成正比的融合率,并可以自产生连续运行所需的很大一部分非感应电流。各种托卡马克装置中的实验(ASDEX升级,DIII -D,JET,TCV,TEXT,TFTP)表示存在湍流的粒子收缩。近来,在没有碰撞颗粒收缩和中央颗粒源的情况下,在很长的放电中已经明确地识别出这种湍流收缩超过4分钟(Hoang等人2003 Phys.Rev.Lett.90 155002)。这种湍流收缩是由粒子传输的准线性理论(Weiland J等人,1989 Nucl。Fusion 29 1810)预测的,并已通过非线性湍流模拟(Garbet等人,2003 Phys。Rev. Lett。9103500 1)和基于该方法的一般考虑得到证实。运动不变性的守恒(Baker等2004 Phys.Plasmas 11992)。在实验中,发现在许多情况下,粒子收缩对磁场梯度很敏感(Hoang等2004 Phys。Rev. Lett。93 135003,Zabolotsky等2003 Plasma Phys。Control。Fusion 45 735,Weisen等2004 Plasma Phys.Control.Fusion 46 751,Baker等人2000 Nucl.Fusion 401003)到温度分布图(Hoang等人2004 Phys.Rev.Lett.93 135003,Angioni等人2004 Nucl.Fusion 44827),以及改变微湍流性质的碰撞性(Angioni等人2003 Phys.Rev.Lett.90 205003,Garzotti等人2003 Nucl.Fusion 43.1829,Weisen等人2004年第31届EPS Conf。on Plasma Phys。(London)第28卷(ECA)P-1.146,Lopes Cardozo NJ 1995 Plasma Phys.Control.Fusion 37 799)。观察到的某些依存关系与理论预测的一致性,使我们对托卡马克中的颗粒收缩有了更清晰的了解,从而使我们能够更准确地预测ITER中的密度分布。

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