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Link between self-consistent pressure profiles and electron internal transport barriers in tokamaks

机译：托卡马克中自洽的压力分布与电子内部传输壁垒之间的联系

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摘要

Tokamak plasmas have a tendency to self-organization: the plasma pressure profiles obtained in different operational regimes and even in various tokamaks may be represented by a single typical curve, called the self-consistent pressure profile. About a decade ago local zones with enhanced confinement were discovered in tokamak plasmas. These zones are referred to as internal transport barriers (ITBs) and they can act on the electron and/ or ion fluid. Here the pressure gradients can largely exceed the gradients dictated by profile consistency. So the existence of ITBs seems to be in contradiction with the self-consistent pressure profiles (this is also often referred to as profile resilience or profile stiffness). In this paper we will discuss the interplay between profile consistency and ITBs. A summary of the cumulative information obtained from T-10, RTP and TEXTOR is given, and a coherent explanation of the main features of the observed phenomena is suggested. Both phenomena, the self-consistent profile and ITB, are connected with the density of rational magnetic surfaces, where the turbulent cells are situated. The distance between these cells determines the level of their interaction, and therefore the level of the turbulent transport. This process regulates the plasma pressure profile. If the distance is wide, the turbulent flux may be diminished and the ITB may be formed. In regions with rarefied surfaces the steeper pressure gradients are possible without instantaneously inducing pressure driven instabilities, which force the profiles back to their self-consistent shapes. Also it can be expected that the ITB region is wider for lower dq/d rho (more rarefied surfaces).
机译：托卡马克等离子体具有自组织的趋势：在不同的操作方式甚至各种托卡马克中获得的血浆压力曲线可能由一条典型的曲线表示，称为自洽压力曲线。大约十年前，在托卡马克等离子中发现了局限性增强的局部区域。这些区域称为内部传输势垒（ITB），它们可以作用于电子和/或离子流体。在此，压力梯度可以大大超过轮廓一致性所决定的梯度。因此，ITB的存在似乎与自洽的压力曲线（这通常也称为曲线弹性或曲线刚度）相矛盾。在本文中，我们将讨论配置文件一致性和ITB之间的相互作用。总结了从T-10，RTP和TEXTOR获得的累积信息，并提出了对观察到的现象的主要特征的连贯解释。自洽轮廓和ITB这两种现象都与湍流单元所在的合理磁性表面的密度有关。这些单元之间的距离决定了它们相互作用的水平，因此决定了湍流传输的水平。该过程调节血浆压力曲线。如果距离较宽，则湍流可能会减小，并且可能会形成ITB。在表面稀疏的区域中，可能会出现陡峭的压力梯度，而不会立即引起压力驱动的不稳定性，这会导致轮廓恢复其自洽形状。还可以预期，对于较低的dq / d rho（更稀疏的表面），ITB区域会更宽。

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