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Major results from the stellarator Wendelstein 7-AS

机译：恒星学家Wendelstein 7-AS的主要成果

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Wendelstein 7-AS was the first modular stellarator device to test some basic elements of stellarator optimization: a reduced Shafranov shift and improved stability properties resulted in ss-values up to 3.4% (at 0.9 T). This operational limit was determined by power balance and impurity radiation without noticeable degradation of stability or a violent collapse. The partial reduction of neoclassical transport could be verified in agreement with calculations indicating the feasibility of the concept of drift optimization. A full neoclassical optimization, in particular a minimization of the bootstrap current was beyond the scope of this project. A variety of non-ohmic heating and current drive scenarios by ICRH, NBI and in particular, ECRH were tested and compared successfully with their theoretical predictions. Besides, new heating schemes of overdense plasmas were developed such as RF mode conversion heating Ordinary mode, Extraordinary mode, Bernstein-wave (OXB) heating - or 2nd harmonic O-mode (O2) heating. The energy confinement was about a factor of 2 above ISS95 without degradation near operational boundaries. A number of improved confinement regimes such as core electron-root confinement with central T-e <= 7 keV and regimes with strongly sheared radial electric field at the plasma edge resulting in T-i <= 1.7 keV were obtained. As the first non-tokamak device, W7-AS achieved the H-mode and moreover developed a high density H-mode regime (HDH) with strongly reduced impurity confinement that allowed quasi-steady-state operation (t approximate to 65.iota(E)) at densities (n) over bar (e) congruent to 4 x 10(20) m(-3) (at 2.5 T). The first island divertor was tested successfully and operated with stable partial detachment in agreement with numerical simulations. With these results W7-AS laid the physics background for operation of an optimized low-shear steady-state stellarator.
机译：Wendelstein 7-AS是首款测试恒星优化器某些基本要素的模块化恒星器设备：降低的Shafranov偏移和改进的稳定性，导致ss值高达3.4％（在0.9 T时）。该工作极限由功率平衡和杂质辐射确定，而稳定性没有明显下降或剧烈崩溃。新古典运输的部分减少可以与计算结果相吻合，表明漂移优化概念的可行性。完全新古典优化，特别是自举电流的最小化超出了本项目的范围。对ICRH，NBI尤其是ECRH的各种非欧姆加热和电流驱动方案进行了测试，并将其与理论预测成功地进行了比较。此外，还开发了超密度等离子体的新加热方案，例如RF模式转换加热普通模式，非常规模式，伯恩斯坦波（OXB）加热-或二次谐波O型（O2）加热。能量限制比ISS95高约2倍，而在运行边界附近没有降级。获得了许多改进的约束机制，例如中心T-e <= 7 keV的核心电子根约束以及等离子体边缘处的强剪切径向电场导致T-i <= 1.7 keV的约束机制。作为第一个非托卡马克设备，W7-AS实现了H模式，并且开发了一种高密度H模式方案（HDH），并大大降低了杂质限制，从而实现了准稳态操作（t约为65.iota（ E））的密度（n）超过bar（e），等于4 x 10（20）m（-3）（在2.5 T下）。第一个岛式偏滤器已成功测试，并与数值模拟相符，并具有稳定的局部分离操作。利用这些结果，W7-AS为优化的低剪切稳态恒星器的运行奠定了物理基础。

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