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Charging of aerosol and nucleation in atmospheric pressure electrical discharges

机译：大气压放电中气溶胶的充电和成核

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摘要

The paper focuses on applications of atmospheric pressure plasmas (dc corona, streamer, spark and ac dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs)) in aerosol processes for materials and environment. Since aerosol kinematics depends mainly on electric forces acting on charged particles, the two mechanisms of aerosol charging by the collection of ions are presented in corona, post-corona and DBDs. In such defined charging conditions, field and diffusion charging laws are depicted, with respect to applications of controlled kinematics of charged aerosol. Then key parameters controlling the formation by nucleation and the growth by coagulation of particles in plasmas are presented. Sources of vapor leading to nucleated nanoparticles are depicted in atmospheric pressure electrical discharges: (i) when filamentary dc streamer and spark as well as ac-DBDs interact with metal or dielectric surfaces and (ii) when discharges induce reactions with gaseous precursors in volume. In both cases, condensable gaseous species are produced, leading to nano-sized particles by physical and chemical routes of nucleation. The composition, size and structure of primary nanoparticles as well as the final size of agglomerates are related to plasma parameters (energy, number per unit surface and time and thermal gradients around each filament as well as the transit time).
机译：本文重点介绍大气压等离子体（直流电晕，流光，火花和交流电介质阻挡放电（DBD））在材料和环境的气溶胶工艺中的应用。由于气溶胶运动学主要取决于作用在带电粒子上的电力，因此在电晕，后电晕和DBD中都存在两种通过离子收集引起的气溶胶带电的机制。在这样定义的充电条件下，关于受控的带电气溶胶运动学的应用，描绘了场和扩散带电定律。然后提出了关键参数控制通过成核形成和通过等离子体中的粒子凝结生长。在大气压放电中描绘了导致成核纳米颗粒的蒸气源：（i）丝状直流流光和火花以及ac-DBD与金属或介电表面相互作用时;（ii）当放电引起与气体前体在体积上发生反应时。在这两种情况下，都会产生可冷凝的气态物质，通过物理和化学成核途径产生纳米级的颗粒。初级纳米粒子的组成，尺寸和结构以及附聚物的最终尺寸与血浆参数（能量，单位表面的数目和时间以及每个细丝周围的热梯度以及通过时间）有关。

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