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首页> 外文期刊>Chemical Senses >Experimental and numerical determination of odorant solubility in nasal and olfactory mucosa
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Experimental and numerical determination of odorant solubility in nasal and olfactory mucosa

机译：实验性和数值测定鼻腔和嗅粘膜中的气味溶解度

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Odorant deposition in the nasal and olfactory mucosas is dependent on a number of factors including local air/odorant flow distribution patterns, odorant mucosal solubility and odorant diffusive transport in the mucosa. Although many of these factors are difficult to measure, mucosal solubility in the bullfrog mucus has been experimentally determined for a few odorants. In the present study an experimental procedure was combined with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques to further describe some of the factors that govern odorant mucosal deposition. The fraction of odorant absorbed by the nasal mucosa (eta) was experimentally determined for a number of odorants by measuring the concentration drop between odorant 'blown' into one nostril and that exiting the contralateral nostril while the subject performed a velopharyngeal closure. Odorant concentrations were measured with a photoionization detector. Odorants were delivered to the nostrils at flow rates of 3.33 and 10 l/min. The velopharyngeal closure nasal air/odorant flows were then simulated using CFD techniques in a 3-D anatomically accurate human nose modeland the mucosal odorant uptake was numerically calculated. The comparison between the numerical simulations and the experimental results lead to an estimation of the human mucosal odorant solubility and the mucosal effective diffusive transport resistance. The results of the study suggest that the increase in diffusive resistance of the mucosal layer over that of a thin layer of water seemed to be general and non-odorant-specific; however, the mucosa solubility was odorant specific and usually followed the trend that odorants with lower water solubility were more soluble in the mucosa than would be predicted from water solubility alone. The ability of this approach to model odorant movement in the nasal cavity was evaluated by comparison of the model output with known values of odorant mucosa solubility.
机译：鼻和嗅粘膜中的气味沉积取决于许多因素，包括局部空气/气味流分布模式，气味粘膜溶解度和气味在黏膜中的扩散运输。尽管这些因素中的许多因素很难衡量，但已通过实验确定了几种气味剂在牛蛙粘液中的粘膜溶解性。在本研究中，将实验程序与计算流体力学（CFD）技术相结合，以进一步描述控制气味粘膜沉积的一些因素。通过测量“吹”入一个鼻孔的气味剂与对侧鼻孔排出的气味浓度之间的浓度下降，通过实验确定了鼻腔粘膜吸收的气味分数，以测定多种气味。用光电离检测器测量气味浓度。气味以3.33和10 l / min的流速被输送到鼻孔。然后在3D解剖学上准确的人鼻模型中使用CFD技术模拟鼻咽闭合鼻空气/气味流，并数值计算粘膜气味吸收。数值模拟与实验结果之间的比较导致对人类粘膜气味剂溶解度和粘膜有效扩散阻力的估计。研究结果表明，粘膜层的扩散阻力比薄水层的扩散阻力增加似乎是普遍的，并且是非气味特异性的。但是，粘膜溶解性是特定于气味的，通常遵循这样的趋势，即水溶性较低的气味在粘膜中的溶解度要比单独从水溶性中预测的要高。通过将模型输出与已知的气味粘膜溶解度值进行比较，评估了该方法对鼻腔中的气味运动模型的能力。

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