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Sheared flows and turbulence in fusion plasmas

机译：聚变等离子体中的剪切流和湍流

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The universality of the observed characteristics of sheared flows points to a general ingredient to explain the damping/driving mechanisms responsible for the development of these flows in the plasma boundary region of fusion devices. Experiments in the TJ-II stellarator showing that the generation of spontaneous sheared flows at the plasma edge requires a minimum plasma density or density gradient, open a unique possibility to characterize the dynamics of sheared flow development in fusion plasmas. The effective viscosity at the plasma edge can be deduced by means of the decay rate of the perpendicular flow measurement once the driving force has been removed. Changes in the plasma rotation and turbulence have been studied when an electric field is externally applied at the plasma edge. The relaxation of flows and radial electric fields has been compared in the edge plasma region of TJ-II stellarator and CASTOR tokamak showing a striking similarity. The findings can help to test neoclassical and anomalous damping mechanisms in fusion plasmas. Finally, the emergence of the plasma edge sheared flow as a function of plasma density can be explained using a simple second-order phase transition model that reproduces many of the features of the TJ-II experimental data while capturing the qualitative features of the transition near the critical point.
机译：所观察到的剪切流特征的普遍性指出了解释在聚变装置的等离子体边界区域中导致这些流发展的阻尼/驱动机制的一般成分。 TJ-II恒星仪中的实验表明，在等离子体边缘处自发产生的剪切流需要最小的等离子体密度或密度梯度，这为表征聚变等离子体中剪切流发展的动力学提供了独特的可能性。一旦消除了驱动力，就可以通过垂直流测量的衰减率来推导出等离子边缘的有效粘度。当在等离子体边缘外部施加电场时，已经研究了等离子体旋转和湍流的变化。在TJ-II恒星仪和CASTOR托卡马克的等离子体边缘区域比较了流动和径向电场的弛豫，显示出惊人的相似性。这些发现可以帮助测试聚变等离子体中的新古典和异常阻尼机制。最后，可以使用简单的二阶相变模型来解释等离子边缘剪切流作为等离子密度的函数，该模型可再现TJ-II实验数据的许多特征，同时捕获近处的转变的定性特征关键点。

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