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首页> 外文期刊>Plasma physics and controlled fusion >Runaway electron generation during plasma shutdown by killer pellet injection
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Runaway electron generation during plasma shutdown by killer pellet injection

机译：通过杀伤性颗粒注入在等离子体关闭期间产生失控的电子

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摘要

Tokamak discharges are sometimes terminated by disruptions that may cause large mechanical and thermal loads on the vessel. To mitigate disruption-induced problems it has been proposed that 'killer' pellets could be injected into the plasma in order to safely terminate the discharge. Killer pellets enhance radiative energy loss and thereby lead to rapid cooling and shutdown of the discharge. But pellets may also cause runaway electron generation, as has been observed in experiments in several tokamaks. In this work, runaway dynamics in connection with deuterium or carbon pellet-induced fast plasma shutdown is considered. A pellet code, which calculates the material deposition and initial cooling caused by the pellet is coupled to a runaway code, which determines the subsequent temperature evolution and runaway generation. In this way, a tool has been created to test the suitability of different pellet injection scenarios for disruption mitigation. If runaway generation is avoided, the resulting current quench times are too long to safely avoid large forces on the vessel due to halo currents.
机译：托卡马克排放有时会因中断而终止，这些中断可能会导致船舶承受较大的机械和热负荷。为了减轻由干扰引起的问题，已经提出可以将“杀手”小球注入等离子体中以安全地终止放电。杀手颗粒会增加辐射能的损失，从而导致迅速冷却并关闭放电。但是，正如在几个托卡马克实验中所观察到的那样，颗粒也可能导致电子失控。在这项工作中，考虑了与氘或碳丸引起的快速等离子体关闭有关的失控动力学。计算颗粒的材料沉积和初始冷却的颗粒代码与失控代码耦合，该失控代码确定随后的温度变化和失控产生。通过这种方式，已经创建了一种工具来测试不同颗粒注入方案对缓解干扰的适用性。如果避免了失控的产生，那么产生的电流淬火时间将太长，无法安全地避免由于光晕电流而在容器上施加较大的力。

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