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Diamagnetic measurements and plasma energy in toroidal systems

机译：环形系统中的反磁测量和等离子体能量

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摘要

The sensitivity of a diamagnetic signal to several operational and geometrical factors is analysed. Among them are the flux conservation in the plasma, eddy currents induced in the outer structures in fast processes, toroidal shift and deformation of the plasma boundary due to its energy change and inhomogeneity of the confining magnetic field. It is shown that in each case, under proper experimental circumstances, the contribution, unaccounted in the traditional theory of diamagnetic measurements, can reach a level compared with β (ratio of the volume-averaged plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure). The approach is fully analytical with all relevant dependences shown explicitly, allowing easy estimates and suggesting a resolution of the problem in order to restore the accuracy of finding β from diamagnetic measurements. This essentially extends the analysis by Yamaguchi, et al (2006 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 48 L73) of possible measures to improve the separation of the useful fraction of the measured diamagnetic signal. The approach is aimed at explaining the discrepancies between model estimates and experimental results, unification of a knowledge obtained in separate numerical studies, extending a theoretical basis of magnetic diagnostics and uncovering potential dangers in interpretations. This is also an essential step from traditional cylindrical theory to analytical derivations in the toroidal geometry. The results are equally applicable to tokamaks and stellarators.
机译：分析了反磁信号对几种操作和几何因素的敏感性。其中包括等离子体中的通量守恒，快速过程在外部结构中感应出的涡电流，由于其能量变化和约束磁场的不均匀性而引起的等离子体边界的环形位移和变形。结果表明，在每种情况下，在适当的实验条件下，传统的抗磁测量理论中未说明的贡献都可以达到与β（体积平均血浆压力与磁场压力的比）相比的水平。该方法是完全分析的，所有相关的依赖关系都已明确显示，可以轻松估算并提出问题的解决方案，以恢复从抗磁测量中找到β的准确性。这从本质上扩展了Yamaguchi等人（2006 Plasma Phys.Control。Fusion 48 L73）对可能采取的措施的分析，以改善对测得的反磁信号有用部分的分离。该方法旨在解释模型估计与实验结果之间的差异，统一在单独的数值研究中获得的知识，扩展磁诊断的理论基础并揭示解释中的潜在危险。这也是从传统圆柱理论到环形几何分析推导的重要步骤。结果同样适用于托卡马克和恒星。

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