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Theory for neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in tokamaks

机译:托卡马克中新古典环形血浆粘度的理论

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摘要

Error fields and magnetohydrodynamic modes break toroidal symmetry in tokamaks. The broken symmetry enhances the toroidal plasma viscosity, which results in a steady-state toroidal plasma flow. A theory for neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the low-collisionality regimes is developed. It extends stellarator transport theory to include multiple modes and to allow for |m - nq| ~ 1. Here, m is the poloidal mode number, n is the toroidal mode number and q is the safety factor. The bounce averaged drift kinetic equation is solved in several asymptotic limits to obtain transport fluxes. These fluxes depend non-linearly on the radial electric field except for those in the 1/ regime. Here, is the collision frequency. The theory is refined to include the effects of the superbanana plateau resonance at the phase space boundary and the finite ?B drift on the collisional boundary layer fluxes. Analytical expressions that connect all asymptotic limits are constructed and are in good agreement with the numerical results. The flux-force relations that relate transport fluxes to forces are used to illustrate the roles of transport fluxes in the momentum equation. It is shown that the ambipolar state is reached when the momentum equation is relaxed. It is also shown that the origin of the momentum for plasma flow generated without momentum sources is the local unbalance of particles' momenta and is diamagnetic in nature regardless of the details of the theory.
机译:误差场和磁流体动力学模式打破了托卡马克中的环形对称性。对称性的破坏会增强环形等离子体的粘度,从而导致稳态环形等离子体的流动。建立了在低碰撞状态下新古典环形等离子体粘度的理论。它扩展了恒星运动理论,使其包含多种模式并允许| m-nq |。 〜1.这里,m为极坐标模式数,n为环形模式数,q为安全系数。在几个渐近极限中求解反弹平均漂移动力学方程,以获得传输通量。这些磁通量除1 /态以外,都非线性地取决于径向电场。在这里,是碰撞频率。对该理论进行了完善,以包括在相空间边界处超级香蕉高原共振的影响以及对边界层通量的有限ΔB漂移。构造了连接所有渐近极限的解析表达式,并且与数值结果非常吻合。将传输通量与力相关的通量-力关系用于说明传输通量在动量方程中的作用。结果表明,当动量方程松弛时,达到双极性状态。还表明,在没有动量源的情况下产生的等离子流的动量起因是粒子动量的局部不平衡,并且不管理论的细节如何,其本质上都是反磁性的。

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