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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Isolation,identification and molecular characterization of physiological races of apple powdery mildew [Podosphaera leucotricha)
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Isolation,identification and molecular characterization of physiological races of apple powdery mildew [Podosphaera leucotricha)

机译：苹果白粉病[Podosphaera leucotricha]的生理小种的分离，鉴定和分子特征

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The development of apple varieties displaying durable resistance against powdery mildew is one of the major aims in apple breeding programmes worldwide.For a reliable judgment of the resistance of different Malus genotypes,an extended knowledge about the virulence of the pathogen is necessary.To prove the existence of physiological races of Podosphaera leucotricha,31 monoconidial isolates of the obligate biotrophic fungus representing five locations within Europe have been established and maintained over a period of 3-4 years.The isolates were maintained on in vitro shoots of the highly susceptible apple cv.Gibb's Golden Gage.An AFLP-based DNA fingerprinting protocol was developed and,using 54 stably reproducible AFLP markers,a dendrogram revealed genetic variability among different isolates of P.leucotricha.Although the molecular characterization of the isolates showed an overall low level of genetic variability,the high phenotypic diversity among European isolates suggest that sexual reproduction may also be involved in the disease cycle of the pathogen in Europe.Phytopathological tests using detached leaves of a collection of 36 Malus genotypes allowed the differentiation of five selected isolates by their virulence patterns.A high level of diversity in terms of virulence was obtained in P.leucotricha.From the present study,based on apple breeding germplasm,cultivars and Malus species,it can be concluded that physiological races of P.leucotricha do indeed exist in Europe.
机译：研发出对白粉病具有持久抗性的苹果品种是全球苹果育种计划的主要目标之一。为了可靠地判断不同海棠基因型的抗性，需要对病原体的毒力有更深入的了解。存在着白纹假单胞菌的生理小种，已经建立并维持了代表欧洲的五个地点的31种专性生物营养真菌的单生孢子分离株，并在3-4年的时间内对其进行了维护。 Gibb的Golden Gage。基于AFLP的DNA指纹图谱被开发出来，并且使用54个稳定可重复的AFLP标记，树状图显示了白斑假单胞菌不同分离株之间的遗传变异性。 ，欧洲分离株之间较高的表型多样性表明在欧洲，这种繁殖也可能与病原体的疾病周期有关。使用36种海洛斯基因型的分离叶片进行植物病理学测试，可以根据其毒力模式区分出5个所选菌株，在毒力方面具有高度多样性根据目前的研究，基于苹果的种质，栽培品种和苹果属种类，可以得出结论，欧洲确实存在白斑病菌的生理小种。

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