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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Co-infection by Botryosphaeriaceae and llyonectria spp. fungi during propagation causes decline of young grafted grapevines
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Co-infection by Botryosphaeriaceae and llyonectria spp. fungi during propagation causes decline of young grafted grapevines

机译：灰霉病菌和鞭毛虫共感染。繁殖过程中的真菌导致年轻嫁接葡萄的衰落

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Decline of newly planted, grafted grapevines is a serious viticultural problem worldwide. In the Riverina (New South Wales, Australia), characteristic symptoms include low fruit yields, very short shoots and severely stunted roots with black, sunken, necrotic lesions. To determine the cause, roots and wood tissue from affected plants in 20 vineyards (Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay grafted to V. champini cv. Ramsey rootstock) were assayed for microbial pathogens. llyonectria spp. (7. macrodidytna or /. liriodendra, producers of phytotoxin brefeldin A, BFA, and cause of black foot disease of grapevines) and Botryosphaeriaceae spp. (predominantly Diplodia seriata) were isolated from rootstocks of 100 and 95% of the plants, respectively. Togninia minima and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (cause of grapevine Petri disease) were isolated from 13 and 7% of affected plants, respectively. All Ramsey rootstock stems of grafted plants sampled from a supplier nursery were infected with llyonectria spp. and D. seriata. Diplodia seriata, but not llyonectria spp., was also isolated from 25% of canes sampled from the rootstock source block. Root inoculation of potted, disease-free Chardonnay plants with llyonectria isolates from diseased vineyards caused typical disease symptoms, while co-inoculation with Botryosphaeriaceae spp. increased disease severity. This is the first study to show that a major cause of young grapevine decline can be sequential infection by Botryosphaeriaceae from rootstock cuttings and llyonectria spp. from nursery soil. Although the Petri disease fungi were less common in young declining grafted grapevines in the Riverina, they are likely to contribute to the decline of surviving plants as they mature.
机译：全球范围内，新种植的嫁接葡萄的数量下降是一个严重的葡萄栽培问题。在Riverina（澳大利亚新南威尔士州），特征性症状包括果实产量低，芽短，根部严重发育不良，黑色，凹陷，坏死。为了确定原因，对来自20个葡萄园（嫁接到V. champini品种Ramsey砧木的Vitis vinifera cv。Chardonnay）中受影响植物的根和木材组织进行了微生物病原体分析。鞭毛菌属（7. macrodidytna或/。liriodendra，植物毒素布雷菲德菌素A，BFA的产生者，以及葡萄黑脚病的病因）和Botryosphaeriaceae spp。 （主要是梁龙）分别从​​100％和95％的植物的砧木中分离出来。分别从13株和7％的受害植物中分离出了极小的Togninia和最小的衣原体Phaeomoniella chlamydospora（引起葡萄皮氏病）。从供应商苗圃中取样的所有嫁接植物的拉姆齐砧木茎均感染了llenseectria spp。和D. seriata。还从根茎来源块中取样的25％的甘蔗中分离出了Diplodia seriata而不是llyonectria spp.。盆栽的，无病的霞多丽植物与从病态葡萄园中分离得到的llyonectria菌根引起典型的疾病症状，同时与Botryosphaeriaceae spp一起接种。疾病严重程度增加。这是第一项显示年轻葡萄减少的主要原因，可能是葡萄球菌从砧木切屑和llectectia spp连续感染。从苗圃土壤。尽管在河滨地区年轻的下降中的嫁接葡萄中，陪替氏病真菌较少见，但随着它们的成熟，它们很可能导致存活植物的衰落。

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