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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Sulphate and sulphurous acid alter the relative susceptibility of wheat to Phaeosphaeria nodorum and Mycosphaerella graminicola
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Sulphate and sulphurous acid alter the relative susceptibility of wheat to Phaeosphaeria nodorum and Mycosphaerella graminicola

机译：硫酸和亚硫酸改变了小麦对Nophaumumumumumum and gracosphaerella graminicola的相对敏感性

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摘要

The relative abundances of DNA of Mycosphaerella graminicola and Phaeosphaeria nodorum in archived wheat samples are closely correlated with UK anthropogenic emissions of oxidized sulphur over the last 160 years. To test whether this could be a causal relationship, possible modes of action of sulphur on the two fungi were examined. Mycelial growth of the two fungi in solutions of sulphurous acid was similar. Sulphurous acid at pH 4 reduced percentage germination of P. nodorum conidia more strongly than M. graminicola conidia. In spray inoculations of wheat cv. Squarehead's Master, Cappelle Desprez and Riband with water or sulphurous acid (pH 4), the ratio of leaves infected by P. nodorum to leaves infected by M. graminicola was increased by factors of 2·5, 21 and 0·6, respectively at pH 4. The same three cultivars of wheat were grown in sand and vermiculite and fertilized with nutrient solution containing 2·5 or 0·5 mM sulphate. Both pathogens infected less frequently at 2·5 mM sulphate, by a factor of about 2. The severity of infection by M. graminicola was reduced on all three cultivars by a factor of about 4·5 at 2·5 mM sulphate, but severity of P. nodorum was reduced only by a factor of about 2. Both elevated free sulphate concentrations in soil and sulphite in rainwater could therefore increase the prevalence of P. nodorum relative to M. graminicola, which is consistent with the historical changes in abundance.
机译：在过去的160年中，存档的小麦样品中的细小支球菌（Mycosphaerella graminicola）和No. Phaeosphaeria nodorum的DNA相对丰度与英国人为排放的氧化硫密切相关。为了检验这是否是因果关系，研究了硫对两种真菌的可能作用方式。两种溶液在亚硫酸溶液中的菌丝生长相似。在pH 4的亚硫酸中，结缕草分生孢子的萌发百分率比分枝分枝杆菌的分生孢子更强烈。在小麦cv的喷雾接种中。 Squarehead的Master，Cappelle Desprez和Riband用水或亚硫酸（pH 4），分别在No. Pum感染的叶和Gramini cola感染的叶的比例分别在2、5、21和0·6倍处增加。 pH 4.在沙子和same石上种植相同的三个小麦品种，并用含有2·5或0·5 mM硫酸盐的营养液施肥。两种病原体在2·5 mM的硫酸盐下感染的频率都降低了约2倍。在2·5 mM的硫酸盐下，所有3个品种的重症分枝杆菌感染的严重性降低了约4·5，但是严重程度却降低了。野菜假单胞菌仅减少了约2倍。因此，土壤中的游离硫酸盐浓度升高和雨水中的亚硫酸盐都可能增加野菜假单胞菌相对于禾本科葡萄的流行，这与丰度的历史变化是一致的。

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