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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Molecular Biology >Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana: the impact of chloroplast elongation factor G on chloroplast development and plant vitality
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Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana: the impact of chloroplast elongation factor G on chloroplast development and plant vitality

机译：雪拟南芥子叶1突变体的表征：叶绿体延伸因子G对叶绿体发育和植物活力的影响

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During seedling development chloroplast formation marks the transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth. The development and activity of chloroplasts may differ in cotyledons that initially serve as a storage organ and true leaves whose primary function is photosynthesis. A genetic screen was used for the identification of genes that affect selectively chloroplast function in cotyledons of Arabidopsis thaliana. Several mutants exhibiting pale cotyledons and green true leaves were isolated and dubbed snowy cotyledon (sco).One of the mutants, sco1, was characterized in more detail. The mutated gene was identified using map-based cloning. The mutant contains a point mutation in a gene encoding the chloroplast elongation factor G, leading to an amino acid exchange within the predicted 70S ribosome-binding domain. The mutation results in a delay in the onset of germination. At this early developmental stage embryos still contain undifferentiated proplastids, whose proper function seems necessary for seed germination. In light-grown sco1 seedlings the greening of cotyledons is severely impaired, whereas the following true leaves develop normally as in wild-type plants. Despite this apparent similarity of chloroplast development in true leaves of mutant and wild-type plants various aspects of mature plant development are also affected by the sco1 mutation such as the onset of flowering, the growth rate, and seed production. The onset of senescence in the mutant and the wild-type plants occurs, however, at the same time, suggesting that in the mutant this particular developmental step does not seem to suffer from reduced protein translation efficiency in chloroplasts.
机译：在幼苗发育期间，叶绿体的形成标志着从异养向自养生长的过渡。叶绿体的发育和活性可能在子叶中有所不同，这些子叶最初起着贮藏器官的作用，而真叶的主要功能是光合作用。遗传筛选用于鉴定影响拟南芥子叶中选择性叶绿体功能的基因。分离出几个显示出苍白的子叶和绿色真叶的突变体，并将其称为白雪皑皑的子叶（sco）。其中一个突变体sco1被更详细地表征。使用基于图谱的克隆鉴定突变基因。该突变体在编码叶绿体延伸因子G的基因中包含点突变，从而导致在预期的70S核糖体结合结构域内进行氨基酸交换。突变导致发芽开始延迟。在此早期发育阶段，胚胎仍含有未分化的质体，其正常功能似乎对于种子发芽是必需的。在轻生的sco1幼苗中，子叶的绿化受到严重损害，而随后的真叶则像野生型植物一样正常发育。尽管在突变型和野生型植物的真叶中叶绿体发育有明显的相似性，但sco1突变也会影响成熟植物发育的各个方面，例如开花的开始，生长速度和种子的产生。然而，同时发生突变体和野生型植物中的衰老，这表明在突变体中，这一特定的发育步骤似乎并未遭受叶绿体中蛋白质翻译效率降低的困扰。

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