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首页> 外文期刊>Physiotherapy theory and practice >Physical therapy in the 21st century (Part I): toward practice informed by epidemiology and the crisis of lifestyle conditions.
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Physical therapy in the 21st century (Part I): toward practice informed by epidemiology and the crisis of lifestyle conditions.

机译：21世纪的物理疗法（第I部分）：朝着流行病学和生活方式危机下的实践迈进。

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Part I of this two-part introduction to this Special Issue on the practice of physical therapy in the 21st century outlines the epidemiological basis and rationale for evidence-informed physical therapy practice for addressing contemporary health priorities. This evidence emanates from the definition of health by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), and WHO and other international databases on the prevalence of lifestyle conditions. Lifestyle conditions include ischemic heart disease, smoking-related conditions, hypertension and stroke, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Epidemiological data combined with evidence supporting the effectiveness of noninvasive interventions related to physical therapy to address these priorities (e.g., health education and exercise) are highly consistent with the promotion of health and wellness and the ICF. Given their commitment to exploiting effective noninvasive interventions, physical therapists are in a preeminent position to focus on prevention of these disabling and lethal conditions in every client or patient, their cure in some cases, as well as their management. Thus, a compelling argument can be made that clinical competencies in 21st century physical therapy need to include assessment of smoking and smoking cessation (or at least its initiation), basic nutritional assessment and counseling, recommendations for physical activity and exercise, stress assessment and basic stress reduction recommendations, and sleep assessment and basic sleep hygiene recommendations. The physical therapist can then make an informed clinical judgment regarding whether a client or patient needs to be referred to another professional related to one or more of these specialty areas. The prominence of physical therapy as an established health care profession and its unique pattern of practice (prolonged visits over prolonged periods of time) attest further to the fact that physical therapists are uniquely qualified to lead in the assault on lifestyle conditions. Evidence-based physical therapy practiced within the context of epidemiological indicators (i.e., evidence-informed practice) maximally empowers clinicians to promote lifelong health in every person and in turn, the health of communities. This vision of physical therapy's leading role in health promotion and health care in the 21st century holds the promise of reducing the need for invasive health interventions (drugs and surgery). Part II of this introduction describes evidence-based physical therapy practice within this context of evidence-informed practice.
机译：这个由两部分组成的简介介绍了21世纪物理治疗的实践的第一部分，概述了以证据为依据的物理治疗实践的流行病学基础和理论基础，以解决当前的健康问题。该证据来自世界卫生组织（WHO）和国际功能分类（ICF）的健康定义，以及WHO和其他有关生活方式状况普遍性的国际数据库。生活方式条件包括缺血性心脏病，与吸烟有关的条件，高血压和中风，肥胖症，糖尿病和癌症。流行病学数据与支持与物理疗法相关的非侵入性干预措施以解决这些优先事项（例如健康教育和锻炼）的有效性的证据相结合，与促进健康和保健以及ICF高度一致。鉴于他们致力于开发有效的非侵入性干预措施，物理治疗师处于突出的位置，专注于预防每位患者或患者的这些致残和致死性疾病，某些情况下的治愈以及治疗。因此，可以得出令人信服的论点，即21世纪物理疗法的临床能力需要包括吸烟评估和戒烟（或至少是戒烟），基本营养评估和咨询，体育锻炼和运动建议，压力评估和基本治疗。减少压力的建议，以及睡眠评估和基本睡眠卫生建议。然后，理疗师可以就是否需要将客户或患者转介至与这些专业领域中的一个或多个相关的另一位专业人员做出明智的临床判断。物理治疗作为已建立的卫生保健专业而著称，其独特的实践模式（长时间就诊）可进一步证明以下事实：物理治疗师具有独特的资格来领导对生活方式的侵害。在流行病学指标（即循证知情的做法）的背景下进行的循证物理疗法最大程度地增强了临床医生的能力，促进了每个人的终生健康，进而促进了社区的健康。物理疗法在21世纪促进健康和医疗保健中起着主导作用的愿景，有望减少对侵入性健康干预措施（药物和手术）的需求。本导论的第二部分描述了在循证医学实践的背景下循证物理疗法的实践。

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