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首页> 外文期刊>Polymers for advanced technologies >Bone-guided regeneration: from inert biomaterials to bioactive polymer (nano)composites
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Bone-guided regeneration: from inert biomaterials to bioactive polymer (nano)composites

机译：骨引导再生：从惰性生物材料到生物活性聚合物（纳米）复合材料

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Natural bone is a unique nanostructured material made of collagen fibre matrix and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals, providing mechanical support and protection from the vertebrate skeleton. However, in severe cases like bone-deficiencies, bone needs to be "externally" repaired. Initially, different biological solutions were developed in bone-guided regeneration. However, due to the limitations with the existing biological grafts, a lot of researches have been devoted toward biomaterials including metals, ceramics, and polymers. On the basis of the interface reactions between the implant and the surrounding tissues, these biomaterials may be classified as "nearly inert" or bioactive. Interestingly, the bioactive materials exhibit a specific biological response, leading to the formation of a natural bonding junction between the bone and the implant during bone regeneration. Recently, a special attention has been paid to a new generation of bioactive materials, i.e. (nano)structured biomaterials composed of a bioresorbable polymer matrix reinforced with bioactive inorganic compounds. While (bio)ceramic component provides the bioactivity, these materials can be readily engineered in such a way that their resorption rate in the body match the formation rate of the new tissue. This review hence reports the different biological and non-biological solutions developed in bone-guided regeneration, with a special emphasis on polymer-based materials, and our recent results obtained in osseo-integration The bone physiology, and its natural regeneration are also described.
机译：天然骨骼是由胶原纤维基质和羟基磷灰石（HA）纳米晶体制成的独特纳米结构材料，可为脊椎动物骨骼提供机械支撑和保护。但是，在严重的情况下，例如骨骼缺乏症，需要对骨骼进行“外部”修复。最初，在骨引导再生中开发了不同的生物溶液。然而，由于现有生物移植物的局限性，许多研究已经致力于包括金属，陶瓷和聚合物的生物材料。基于植入物与周围组织之间的界面反应，这些生物材料可分类为“几乎惰性”或生物活性。有趣的是，生物活性材料表现出特定的生物反应，导致在骨骼再生期间在骨骼和植入物之间形成天然的结合连接。近来，已经特别关注了新一代的生物活性材料，即由由生物活性无机化合物增强的生物可吸收聚合物基质组成的（纳米）结构的生物材料。尽管（生物）陶瓷成分具有生物活性，但可以方便地对这些材料进行改造，使其在体内的吸收速率与新组织的形成速率相匹配。因此，本综述报告了在骨引导再生中开发的不同生物学和非生物学解决方案，其中特别强调了基于聚合物的材料，并且还介绍了我们在骨整合中获得的最新结果。还描述了骨骼生理及其自然再生。

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