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Mathematical determination of external defibrillators needed at mass gatherings.

机译：大型聚会所需数学除颤器的确定。

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OBJECTIVE: To develop a mathematical formula that assists in determining the number of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) needed at sites of mass gatherings. METHODS: Twenty (10 male, 10 female) healthy volunteers (equally divided between age groups 21-30 and 31-40 years) responded to mock cardiac arrests in a sports stadium. Seven different first-responder scenarios were simulated (ascending and descending three separate stairway slopes (22 degrees, 39 degrees, and 69 degrees ), as well as a response across a horizontal (0 degrees ) surface. To assess the impact of spectator congestion, the same volunteers conducted each scenario in an empty and full stadium. The quantitative relationship between time and distance was then plotted for each situation. Using the quantitative relationship, the area a first responder can cover in a specified time was calculated. RESULTS: The formula for the total number of AEDs needed in a stadium (or other mass gathering site) can be expressed as follows: Total AEDs=[A(1)/(Ds(1)xDh(1))]+[A(2)/(Ds(2)xDh(2))]+[A(3)/(Ds(3)xDh(3))] where A(1), A(2), and A(3) represent the total areas of a stadium with a slight, moderate, or steep stairway slope, respectively; Ds(1), Ds(2), and Ds(3) represent the stairway distance a first responder must ascend or descend for each slope; and Dh(1), Dh(2), and Dh(3) are the horizontal distances a responder can run in the time remaining. CONCLUSION: Given a medical director's targeted response times and goals, the optimal number of AEDs required at a mass gathering can be calculated using time versus distance relationships. Future studies should evaluate the impact of the mathematically derived optimal number of AEDs at mass gatherings.
机译：目的：建立一个数学公式，以帮助确定群众聚集场所所需的自动体外除颤器（AED）的数量。方法：二十名（10名男性，10名女性）健康志愿者（年龄分别在21-30岁和31-40岁之间划分）在运动场中对模拟心脏骤停做出了反应。模拟了七个不同的第一响应场景（上升和下降三个单独的楼梯坡度（22度，39度和69度），以及在水平（0度）表面上的响应。要评估观众拥堵的影响，相同的志愿者在一个空旷的体育场内进行每种情景，然后绘制每种情况下时间与距离之间的定量关系，并利用该定量关系计算出第一响应者在指定时间内可以覆盖的区域。体育场（或其他群众聚集场所）所需的AED总数可以表示为：AED总数= [A（1）/（Ds（1）xDh（1））] + [A（2）/ （Ds（2）xDh（2））] + [A（3）/（Ds（3）xDh（3））]其中，A（1），A（2）和A（3）表示总面积分别具有轻微，中等或陡峭楼梯坡度的体育场; Ds（1），Ds（2）和Ds（3）表示第一响应者对于每个坡度必须上升或下降的楼梯距离;以及Dh（1） ，Dh（2）和Dh（3）是响应者在剩余时间内可以行驶的水平距离。结论：给定医疗主任的目标响应时间和目标，可以使用时间与距离的关系来计算群众聚会所需的AED最佳数量。未来的研究应评估在大型聚会上数学得出的最佳AED数量的影响。

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