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Utilization of emergency medical services in a large urban area: description of call types and temporal trends.

机译：在大城市地区使用紧急医疗服务：呼叫类型和时间趋势的描述。

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BACKGROUND: Emergency medical services (EMS) systems are used by the public for a range of medically related problems. OBJECTIVE: To understand and analyze the patterns of EMS utilization and trends over time in a large urban EMS system so that we may better direct efforts toward improving those services. METHODS: The 63 call type designations from all New York City (NYC) 9-1-1 EMS calls between 1999 and 2007 were obtained and grouped into 10 broad and 30 specific medical categories. Aggregated numbers of total EMS calls and individual categories were divided by NYC resident population estimates to determine utilization rates. Temporal trends were evaluated for statistical significance with Spearman's rho (rho). RESULTS: There were 9,916,904 EMS calls between 1999 and 2007, with an average of 1,101,878 calls/year. Utilization rates increased from 129.5 to 141.9 calls/1,000 residents/year over the study period (average annual rise of 1.16%). Among all medical/surgical call types (excluding trauma), there was an average annual increase of 1.8%/year. The most substantial increases were among psychiatric/drug related environmental related respiratory trauma call types, there was an annual average decrease of 0.4%/year, with the category of "violence related" calls having the greatest decline (-3.3%/year). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in overall EMS utilization rates, though not all call types rose uniformly. Rather, a number of significant trends were identified reflecting either changing medical needs or changing patterns of EMS utilization in NYC's population.
机译：背景技术：紧急医疗服务（EMS）系统被公众用于一系列与医疗相关的问题。目的：了解和分析大型城市EMS系统中EMS利用率的模式和随时间变化的趋势，以便我们更好地指导改善这些服务的工作。方法：从1999年至2007年间，从纽约市（NYC）所有9-1-1 EMS呼叫中获得了63个呼叫类型名称，并将其分为10大类和30种特定医疗类别。总的EMS呼叫总数和单个类别的总数除以NYC居民估计数，以确定利用率。用Spearman的rho（rho）评估时间趋势的统计学意义。结果：在1999年至2007年之间，共有9,916,904个EMS呼叫，平均每年1,110,878个呼叫。在研究期间，使用率从129.5个呼叫/每1,000个居民/年增加到141.9个呼叫（平均每年增长1.16％）。在所有医疗/外科手术类型（不包括创伤）中，年均增长1.8％。增长幅度最大的是与精神/药物相关的与环境有关的呼吸道创伤呼叫类型，每年平均下降0.4％/年，与“暴力相关”的呼叫类别下降幅度最大（-3.3％/年）。结论：尽管并非所有呼叫类型都统一上升，但整体EMS利用率有所提高。相反，已发现许多重要趋势，反映出纽约市人口的医疗需求变化或EMS利用模式的变化。

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