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Depth-of-Focus Affects 3D Perception in Stereoscopic Displays

机译：焦深影响立体显示器中的3D感知

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Stereoscopic systems present binocular images on planar surface at a fixed distance. They induce cues to flatness, indicating that images are presented on a unique surface and specifying the relative depth of that surface. The center of interest of this study is on a second problem, arising when a 3D object distance differs from the display distance. As binocular disparity must be scaled using an estimate of viewing distance, object depth can thus be affected through disparity scaling. Two previous experiments revealed that stereoscopic displays can affect depth perception due to conflicting accommodation and vergence cues at near distances. In this study, depth perception is evaluated for farther accommodation and vergence distances using a commercially available 3D TV. In Experiment I, we evaluated depth perception of 3D stimuli at different vergence distances for a large pool of participants. We observed a strong effect of vergence distance that was bigger for younger than for older participants, suggesting that the effect of accommodation was reduced in participants with emerging presbyopia. In Experiment 2, we extended 3D estimations by varying both the accommodation and vergence distances. We also tested the hypothesis that setting accommodation open loop by constricting pupil size could decrease the contribution of focus cues to perceived distance. We found that the depth constancy was affected by accommodation and vergence distances and that the accommodation distance effect was reduced with a larger depth-of-focus. We discuss these results with regard to the effectiveness of focus cues as a distance signal. Overall, these results highlight the importance of appropriate focus cues in stereoscopic displays at intermediate viewing distances.
机译：立体系统以固定的距离将双目图像呈现在平面上。它们会提示出现平面度，表示图像显示在唯一的表面上并指定该表面的相对深度。这项研究的重点是第二个问题，当3D物距与显示距离不同时会出现此问题。由于必须使用观看距离的估计来缩放双眼视差，因此可以通过视差缩放来影响物体深度。之前的两个实验表明，立体显示可能会由于近距离处的适应性和收敛性提示冲突而影响深度感知。在这项研究中，使用市售3D电视对深度感知进行了进一步的调节和收敛距离的评估。在实验I中，我们针对大量参与者评估了在不同收敛距离下对3D刺激的深度感知。我们观察到，较年轻的参与者比对年长的参与者具有更大的聚焦距离影响，这表明在出现老花眼的参与者中，调节的作用降低了。在实验2中，我们通过改变适应距离和发散距离来扩展3D估计。我们还检验了以下假设：通过限制瞳孔大小来设置适应性开环可能会减少焦点提示对感知距离的影响。我们发现深度恒定性受调节和聚散距离的影响，并且调节距离的影响随着焦深的增大而减小。我们讨论了有关焦点提示作为距离信号的有效性的这些结果。总体而言，这些结果突出了在中等观看距离的立体显示器中适当聚焦提示的重要性。

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