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首页> 外文期刊>Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology >Mechanics of blast loading on the head models in the study of traumatic brain injury using experimental and computational approaches
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Mechanics of blast loading on the head models in the study of traumatic brain injury using experimental and computational approaches

机译：使用实验和计算方法在颅脑外伤研究中头部模型上爆炸载荷的力学

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Blast waves generated by improvised explosive devices can cause mild, moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in soldiers and civilians. To understand the interactions of blast waves on the head and brain and to identify the mechanisms of injury, compression-driven air shock tubes are extensively used in laboratory settings to simulate the field conditions. The overall goal of this effort is to understand the mechanics of blast wave-head interactions as the blast wave traverses the head/brain continuum. Toward this goal, surrogate head model is subjected to well-controlled blast wave profile in the shock tube environment, and the results are analyzed using combined experimental and numerical approaches. The validated numerical models are then used to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of stresses and pressure in the human skull and brain. By detailing the results from a series of careful experiments and numerical simulations, this paper demonstrates that: (1) Geometry of the head governs the flow dynamics around the head which in turn determines the net mechanical load on the head. (2) Biomechanical loading of the brain is governed by direct wave transmission, structural deformations, and wave reflections from tissue-material interfaces. (3) Deformation and stress analysis of the skull and brain show that skull flexure and tissue cavitation are possible mechanisms of blast-induced traumatic brain injury.
机译：简易爆炸装置产生的爆炸波会给士兵和平民造成轻度，中度到重度的颅脑外伤。为了了解爆炸波在头部和大脑上的相互作用并确定伤害的机理，在实验室环境中广泛使用压缩驱动的空气冲击管来模拟野外条件。这项工作的总体目标是了解爆炸波穿过头/脑连续体时爆炸波头相互作用的机理。为了实现这一目标，在冲击管环境中对代理头模型进行了良好控制的爆炸波轮廓分析，并使用实验和数值方法相结合的方法对结果进行了分析。经过验证的数值模型随后用于研究人的头骨和大脑中压力和压力的时空分布。通过详细介绍一系列仔细的实验​​和数值模拟得出的结果，本文证明：（1）机头的几何形状决定着机头周围的流动动力学，进而决定了机头上的净机械负荷。 （2）大脑的生物力学负荷受直接波传播，结构变形和来自组织-材料界面的波反射的控制。 （3）颅骨和大脑的变形和应力分析表明，颅骨弯曲和组织空化是爆炸引起的颅脑外伤的可能机制。

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