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Nucleic Acid Catalysis: Metals, Nucleobases, and Other Cofactors

机译:核酸催化:金属,核糖核酸酶和其他辅助因子

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摘要

The discovery of RNA-catalyzed phosphodiester bond cleavage by Cech and Altman in 1982-1983 shattered the paradigm of protein-dependent biological catalysis and opened up new horizons for RNA biology (reviewed in ref 1). These discoveries ushered in a new era of high activity in RNA biochemistry and structural biology that, in conjunction with developments in genomics, established groundwork for the ensuing explosion in discoveries of other functional but noncoding RNAs. Since the initial discoveries, several classes of naturally occurring and artificially developed ribozymes have been defined. Ribozyme reactions catalyzed in nature include phosphoryl and aminoacyl transfer reactions (Figure 1). RNAcatalyzed reactions obtained in vitro extend to carbon-carbon bond formation in the Diels-Alderase ribozyme. In vitro selection has also been employed to discover DNA-based enzymes that catalyze a number of different reactions, including RNA cleavage, as in Figure 1A.
机译:Cech和Altman在1982-1983年发现RNA催化的磷酸二酯键裂解,打破了蛋白质依赖性生物催化的范式,为RNA生物学开辟了新领域(参见参考文献1)。这些发现开启了RNA生物化学和结构生物学高活性的新纪元,与基因组学的发展相结合,为随后的其他功能性但非编码RNA的发现激增奠定了基础。自最初发现以来,已经定义了几类天然存在的和人工开发的核酶。自然界中催化的核酶反应包括磷酰基和氨酰基转移反应(图1)。体外获得的RNA催化反应扩展到Diels-Alderase核酶中的碳-碳键形成。如图1A所示,还已经采用体外选择来发现基于DNA的酶,该酶催化许多不同的反应,包括RNA裂解。

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