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首页> 外文期刊>Prevention science: the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research >School-Level Variation in Health Outcomes in Adolescence: Analysis of Three Longitudinal Studies in England
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School-Level Variation in Health Outcomes in Adolescence: Analysis of Three Longitudinal Studies in England

机译：青少年健康水平的学校水平差异：英国三项纵向研究的分析

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School factors are associated with many health outcomes in adolescence. However, previous studies report inconsistent findings regarding the degree of school-level variation for health outcomes, particularly for risk behaviours. This study uses data from three large longitudinal studies in England to investigate school-level variation in a range of health indicators. Participants were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England, the Me and My School Study and the Research with East London Adolescent Community Health Survey. Outcome variables included risk behaviours (smoking, alcohol/cannabis use, sexual behaviour), behavioural difficulties and victimisation, obesity and physical activity, mental and emotional health, and educational attainment. Multi-level models were used to calculate the proportion of variance in outcomes explained at school level, expressed as intraclass correlations (ICCs) adjusted for gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status of the participants. ICCs for health outcomes ranged from nearly nil to .28 and were almost uniformly lower than for attainment (.17-.23). Most adjusted ICCs were smaller than unadjusted values, suggesting that school-level variation partly reflects differences in pupil demographics. School-level variation was highest for risk behaviours. ICCs were largely comparable across datasets, as well as across years within datasets, suggesting that school-level variation in health remains fairly constant across adolescence. School-level variation in health outcomes remains significant after adjustment for individual demographic differences between schools, confirming likely effects for school environment. Variance is highest for risk behaviours, supporting the utility of school environment interventions for these outcomes.
机译：学校因素与青春期的许多健康状况有关。然而，先前的研究报告关于健康结果，尤其是风险行为的学校水平差异程度不一致的发现。这项研究使用了来自英格兰三项大型纵向研究的数据，以调查学校范围内一系列健康指标的差异。参与者来自英国青年纵向研究，我和我的学校研究以及东伦敦青少年社区健康调查研究。结果变量包括危险行为（吸烟，酗酒/吸大麻，性行为），行为困难和受害，肥胖和体育活动，心理和情感健康以及受教育程度。多级模型用于计算在学校一级解释的结果差异的比例，表示为针对参与者的性别，种族和社会经济状况进行调整的班内关联性（ICC）。 ICC对健康结局的影响范围从几乎零到0.28，几乎始终低于获得的ICC（.17-.23）。大多数调整后的ICC小于未调整的ICC，这表明学校水平的变化部分反映了学生人口统计学的差异。对于风险行为，学校级别的变化最高。 ICC在各数据集之间以及各数据集中的年份之间具有相当的可比性，这表明学校水平的健康差异在整个青春期都保持恒定。在对学校之间的个人人口统计学差异进行调整之后，学校水平上健康结果的变化仍然很明显，证实了对学校环境的可能影响。风险行为的方差最高，支持学校环境干预措施对这些结果的实用性。

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