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首页> 外文期刊>Prevention science: the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research >Do Neighborhood Attributes Moderate the Relationship between Alcohol Establishment Density and Crime?
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Do Neighborhood Attributes Moderate the Relationship between Alcohol Establishment Density and Crime?

机译：邻里属性是否会适度饮酒场所密度与犯罪之间的关系？

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Although numerous studies have found a positive association between the density of alcohol establishments and various types of crime, few have examined how neighborhood attributes (e.g., schools, parks) could moderate this association. We used data from Minneapolis, MN with neighborhood as the unit of analysis (n = 83). We examined eight types of crime (assault, rape, robbery, vandalism, nuisance crime, public alcohol consumption, driving while intoxicated, underage alcohol possession/consumption) and measured density as the total number of establishments per roadway mile. Neighborhood attributes assessed as potential moderators included non-alcohol businesses, schools, parks, religious institutions, neighborhood activism, neighborhood quality, and number of condemned houses. Using Bayesian techniques, we created a model for each crime outcome (accounting for spatial auto-correlation and controlling for relevant demographics) with an interaction term (moderator x density) to test each potential moderating effect. Few interaction terms were statistically significant. The presence of at least one college was the only neighborhood attribute that consistently moderated the density-crime association, with the presence of a college attenuating the association between the density and three types of crime (assaults, nuisance crime, and public consumption). However, caution should be used when interpreting the moderating effect of college presence because of the small number of colleges in our sample. The lack of moderating effects of neighborhood attributes, except for presence of a college, suggests that the addition of alcohol establishments to any neighborhood, regardless of its other attributes, could result in an increase in a wide range of crime.
机译：尽管大量研究发现酒精饮料场所的密度与各种犯罪类型之间存在正相关关系，但很少有人研究邻里属性（例如学校，公园）如何缓解这种关联。我们使用明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯的数据，以邻域为分析单位（n = 83）。我们检查了八种犯罪类型（殴打，强奸，抢劫，故意破坏，滋扰犯罪，公共饮酒，中毒时开车，未成年人饮酒/消费），并以每车道英里的场所总数衡量密度。被评估为潜在主持人的邻里属性包括非酒类企业，学校，公园，宗教机构，邻里活动，邻里质量和受害房屋数量。使用贝叶斯技术，我们为每个犯罪结果（考虑了空间自相关并控制相关人口统计学）创建了一个模型，并使用一个交互项（主持人x密度）来测试每个潜在的主持人效果。很少有互动用语具有统计学意义。至少一所大学的存在是唯一能够持续缓解密度与犯罪联系的邻里属性，而一所大学的存在则削弱了密度与三种犯罪类型（攻击，妨害犯罪和公共消费）之间的联系。但是，由于我们样本中的大学数量很少，在解释大学存在的适度影响时应谨慎行事。除了一所大学的存在以外，邻里属性缺乏调节作用，这表明在任何邻里增加酒精场所，无论其其他属性如何，都可能导致广泛犯罪的增加。

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