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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >Predicting children's sunscreen use: application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior.
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Predicting children's sunscreen use: application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior.

机译：预测儿童的防晒霜使用：合理采取的行动和计划的行为理论的应用。

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BACKGROUND: Skin cancer remains the most common form of cancer in the United States despite the fact that most cases can be prevented by limiting sun exposure. Childhood and adolescence are periods of life during which prolonged sun exposure is particularly common. Accordingly, promoting sun-protective behaviors during these formative years can be of critical importance in preventing skin cancer. The present study applied the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to the understanding of children's sunscreen use. Based on these theories, it was hypothesized that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control would be related to intentions to use sunscreen, which, in turn, would be related to actual sunscreen use. METHODS: Questionnaires measuring sun-related attitudes, beliefs, perceived control, and intentions were administered to 199 fourth graders (ages 9 to 13, mean = 10.3) attending public schools in Florida. Self-report measures of sun-related behavior were administered to the same subjects 1 month later. RESULTS: Results of correlational analyses were consistent with study hypotheses. Higher rates of sunscreen use at follow-up were predicted by stronger intentions to use sunscreen assessed 1 month previously. In addition, stronger intentions to use sunscreen were found to be related to more favorable attitudes toward sunscreen use, stronger beliefs that peers and parents favored sunscreen use, and greater perceptions of personal control in using sunscreen. Path and multiple regression analyses identified direct and indirect relationships among study variables that partially confirmed those predicted by the theories and provided support for the use of an expanded model that included perceived behavioral control. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirmed hypotheses derived from the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior regarding the relation of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control to sunscreen use among fourth graders. In addition to their theoretical significance, these findings suggest ways to intervene at the individual, classroom, and family levels to promote greater sunscreen use in this age group. Copyright 1999 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.
机译：背景：皮肤癌仍然是美国最常见的癌症形式，尽管事实上大多数情况下可以通过限制日晒来预防。童年和青春期是生命中的一段时期，在这段时期内，长时间暴露在阳光下尤为常见。因此，在这些成年期促进防晒行为对预防皮肤癌至关重要。本研究将合理的行为和计划的行为的理论应用于对儿童防晒霜的理解。基于这些理论，假设态度，主观规范和感知的行为控制将与防晒霜的使用意图有关，而防晒霜的使用意图又与防晒霜的实际使用有关。方法：对与佛罗里达州公立学校就读的199位四年级学生（9至13岁，平均= 10.3）进行了测量与太阳有关的态度，信念，知觉控制和意图的问卷调查。 1个月后对同一受试者进行了与太阳有关行为的自我报告测量。结果：相关分析的结果与研究假设一致。预计在1个月前评估的使用防晒霜的意愿较强，因此可以预知随访时使用防晒霜的比例较高。此外，人们发现使用防晒霜的意愿更强，这与对防晒霜使用更有利的态度，对同龄人和父母更喜欢防晒霜的信念更强，以及对使用防晒霜的个人控制感更高。路径和多元回归分析确定了研究变量之间的直接和间接关系，这些关系部分地证实了理论预测的变量，并为使用包括感知的行为控制的扩展模型提供了支持。结论：本研究证实了假设，这些假设源于理性的行为和计划的行为理论，涉及态度，主观规范和知觉行为控制与四年级学生使用防晒霜之间的关系。除了其理论意义外，这些发现还提出了在个人，教室和家庭层面进行干预以促进该年龄段防晒霜使用的方法。版权所有1999美国健康基金会和学术出版社。

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