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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association >Pasture response to fertilizer inputs under dairy grazing.
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Pasture response to fertilizer inputs under dairy grazing.

机译：牧场对奶牛放牧对肥料投入的响应。

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摘要

An on-farm trial involving five different mixtures of pasture species (based on fescue (Festuca arundinacea) or prairie grass [Bromus catharticus], an improved mixture, farmer mixture or original pasture), three rates of nitrogen as urea (0, 50 or 100 kg/ha of N applied half in March and half in August) and four rates of superphosphate (0, 250, 500 or 1000 kg/ha applied annually in March) was established in Canterbury on a Waimakariri sandy silt loam with border-dyke irrigation and an Olsen P of 5mug/ml. The trial was grazed by dairy cattle as part of the general rotation; plots were not fenced individually. Pasture growth rates were measured pre- and post-grazing using a calibrated pasture probe. Botanical dissections were made seasonally and soil samples were taken annually. Pasture dry matter production was greatest from the prairie grass, "improved" mixture (including Lolium perenne, Bromus catharticus, Dactylis glomerata and Trifolium spp.) and the original pasture, reaching 13 000, 11 000 and 16 000 kg/ha in years one, two and three, respectively; production from the fescue increased with time; the 'farmer' mix (based on Lolium spp. and uncertified Trifolium repens) performed poorly. Nitrogen at 50 kg/ha was generally sufficient to producemaximum yield increases. Increasing superphosphate increased production; this effect decreased with time. Change in Olsen P reflected superphosphate inputs and after three years of differential superphosphate application the Olsen P status was 8, 14, 27or 42 (corresponding to 0, 250, 500 or 1000 kg/ha superphosphate).
机译：一项农场试验，涉及五种不同的牧场物种混合物（基于羊茅（Festuca arundinacea）或草原草[Bromus catharticus]，改良的混合物，农民混合物或原始牧场），三种氮素尿素浓度（0、50或在坎特伯雷的怀马卡里里砂质壤土壤土带边界堤坝上建立了100公斤/公顷的氮，三月下半月，八月下半月施用）和四种过磷酸钙（3月份每年施用0、250、500或1000公斤/公顷）。灌溉和5毫升/毫升的OlsenP。作为一般轮换的一部分，该试验由奶牛放牧。地块没有单独围起来。使用校准的牧场探针在放牧前后测量牧场的生长速度。按季节进行植物解剖，并每年采集土壤样品。草原草，“改良”混合物（包括黑麦草，野蔷薇，Dactylis glomerata和白三叶属）和原始牧场的牧草干物质产量最高，第一年达到了13000、11000和16000 kg / ha ，分别为两个和三个;羊茅的产量随时间增加; “农民”混合物（基于黑麦草和未经认证的三叶草）表现不佳。 50 kg / ha的氮通常足以产生最大的产量增加。过磷酸钙的增加增加了产量;随着时间的流逝，这种效果会降低。 Olsen P的变化反映了过磷酸盐的输入，并且在三年不同的过磷酸盐施用之后，Olsen P的状态为8、14、27或42（对应于0、250、500或1000 kg / ha过磷酸盐）。

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