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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Nutrition Society >The effect of physical activity on body fatness in children and adolescents
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The effect of physical activity on body fatness in children and adolescents

机译：体育锻炼对儿童和青少年体脂的影响

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With the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, there is an urgent need to identify risk factors that are amenable to preventative action. However, there is a remarkable lack of consistency between studies that have investigated the relationshipsbetween measurements of physical activity and energy expenditure and body fatness in children. This disparity could be because energy intake is a more important determinant in preventing obesity. Alternatively, some of the conflicting results could be related to methodological limitations in assessing activity and body composition. Erroneous conclusions may be drawn if physical activity energy expenditure is not adjusted for differences in body composition, or body fat is not appropriately adjusted forbody size. For public health purposes it may be more informative to evaluate the amount and intensity of physical activity required to prevent fat-mass gain than to assess energy expended in physical activity. The lack of consensus in the cut-off pointsapplied to define intensity levels is severely hindering comparisons between studies using accelerometers that have examined relationships between activity intensity and body fatness. Thus, it is not currently possible to develop a firm evidence base onwhich to establish physical activity recommendations until the limitations are addressed and more prospective studies undertaken. In order to turn research into effective prevention strategies a clearer understanding of the psycho-social, behavioural and environmental factors that influence activity is needed, including the interactions between physical activity and other behaviours such as time spent sedentary, sleeping and eating.
机译：随着儿童肥胖症的流行，迫切需要确定适合预防措施的风险因素。然而，研究儿童的体育活动与能量消耗和体脂测量之间关系的研究之间明显缺乏一致性。这种差异可能是因为能量摄入是预防肥胖的更重要的决定因素。或者，某些矛盾的结果可能与评估活动和身体成分的方法学局限有关。如果没有根据身体成分的差异来调节体育锻炼的能量消耗，或者没有针对体型适当地调节身体脂肪，则可能得出错误的结论。为了公共卫生目的，评估防止脂肪增加所需的体育活动的数量和强度可能比评估体育活动所消耗的能量更为有益。在用于定义强度水平的临界点上缺乏共识严重阻碍了使用加速度计检查活动强度和身体脂肪之间关系的研究之间的比较。因此，在解决局限性并进行更多前瞻性研究之前，目前尚不可能建立坚实的证据基础来建立体育锻炼建议。为了将研究转化为有效的预防策略，需要对影响活动的心理，社会，行为和环境因素有更清晰的了解，包括身体活动与其他行为（如久坐，睡眠和进食的时间）之间的相互作用。

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