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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Royal Society. Biological sciences >Morphological and functional diversity in therizinosaur claws and the implications for theropod claw evolution
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Morphological and functional diversity in therizinosaur claws and the implications for theropod claw evolution

机译：棘龙爪的形态和功能多样性及其对兽脚类爪进化的影响

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摘要

Therizinosaurs are a group of herbivorous theropod dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of North America and Asia, best known for their iconically large and elongate manual claws. However, among Therizinosauria, ungual morphology is highly variable, reflecting a general trend found in derived theropod dinosaurs (Maniraptoriformes). A combined approach of shape analysis to characterize changes in manual ungual morphology across theropods and finite-element analysis to assess the biomechanical properties of different ungual shapes in therizinosaurs reveals a functional diversity related to ungual morphology. While some therizinosaur taxa used their claws in a generalist fashion, other taxa were functionally adapted to use the claws as grasping hooks during foraging. Results further indicate that maniraptoriform dinosaurs deviated from the plesiomorphic theropod ungual morphology resulting in increased functional diversity. This trend parallels modifications of the cranial skeleton in derived theropods in response to dietary adaptation, suggesting that dietary diversification was a major driver for morphological and functional disparity in theropod evolution.
机译：棘龙是一组来自北美和亚洲白垩纪的食草兽脚类恐龙，以其标志性的大而细长的手动爪而闻名。然而，在剑龙类中，小腿的形态是高度可变的，反映出在衍生的兽脚亚目恐龙（Maniraptoriformes）中发现的总体趋势。形状分析可表征兽脚类动物的手部小动物形态变化，而有限元分析可用于评估恐龙中不同小动物形状的生物力学特性，从而揭示了与小动物形态相关的功能多样性。虽然有些棘龙类生物以通才的方式使用它们的爪子，但其他类群在功能上却适合于在觅食期间使用这些爪子作为抓钩。结果进一步表明，拟虫形恐龙偏离了多形兽脚类动物的脚趾形态，导致功能多样性增加。这种趋势与衍生的节肢动物中的颅骨骨架的变化相平行，以响应饮食适应，这表明饮食多样化是导致兽脚类动物进化中形态和功能差异的主要驱动力。

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