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首页> 外文期刊>Productions Animales >Photoperiodism and reproduction in female domestic birds.
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Photoperiodism and reproduction in female domestic birds.

机译：雌性家禽的光周期和生殖。

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摘要

This review discusses the photoperiodic sensitivity of domestic birds. The perception of light and roles of photoperiod are described, including extraretinal (through the skull) perception of light, long-term reproduction stimulation, daily synchronization of endocrine events, apparently low involvement of melatonin in these mechanisms, and the concept of the subjective day in interrupted lighting programmes. The sensitivity of the adult hen to daylength seems to have been reduced over the last 3 decades, probably due to the strong selection pressure for laying rate. Some egg characteristics (e.g. egg weight and eggshell thickness) can be improved by ahemeral lighting programmes longer than 24 h, or by short-cycle symmetrical programmes (without amain night period), which have been more widely used in France. Asymmetrical interrupted lighting programmes, keeping a main night period, can allow some productivity savings without modification of egg characters. Possible effects on the hen's welfareare also mentioned.
机译：这篇评论讨论了家禽的光周期敏感性。描述了对光的感知和光周期的作用，包括视网膜外（通过颅骨）对光的感知，长期生殖刺激，内分泌事件的每日同步，褪黑激素在这些机制中的参与程度较低以及主观日的概念在中断的照明程序中。在过去的三十年中，成年母鸡对日照的敏感性似乎有所降低，这可能是由于对产蛋率的强烈选择压力。鸡蛋的某些特性（例如鸡蛋重量和蛋壳厚度）可以通过超过24小时的临时照明程序或通过短周期的对称程序（无主要夜间时间）来改善，这些程序在法国已得到广泛使用。不对称中断的照明程序可以保持一个主要的夜晚，可以节省一些生产率，而无需更改蛋的性状。还提到了对母鸡福利的可能影响。

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