Simplified milking methods in dairy herds: the end of twice-a-day milking constraints

Pomies D.; Marnet P-G; Cournut S.; Barillet F.; Guinard-Flament J.; Remond B.

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Simplified milking methods in dairy herds: the end of twice-a-day milking constraints

机译：简化奶牛挤奶方法：每天两次挤奶限制的结束

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For a few years, French dairy farmers have wanted to better manage their workload, specially regarding milking, which takes about half of their working time. To do this, INRA has tested and developed innovative milking tools and methods. In cattle, studies on robotic milking having shown that animals adapt easily to such systems, but lipolysis and butyric spore counts of milk are increased. However, the high cost of milking robots and the fact that they are difficult to use when cattle are at pasture appear as barriers for French farmers. By contrast, once-daily milking is cheap, can be implemented quickly, and is easily reversible to conventional (i.e. twice-daily) milking. Once-daily milking results in a reduction in milk yield (from -15 to -46% according to species and context) and an increase in protein and lipid content of milk. It shall be limited to a few weeks; otherwise, it may be detrimental to udder health and milk quality. Other alternatives to conventional milking that can improve the farmers' quality of life are the suppression of milking on Sunday evenings, changes in intervals between milkings, and once a day milking combined with calf suckling. The success of such techniques depends on the possibility to select cows that tolerate large intervals between milkings.

机译：几年来，法国奶农一直希望更好地管理其工作量，特别是在挤奶方面，这需要大约一半的工作时间。为此，INRA已测试并开发了创新的挤奶工具和方法。在牛中，对自动挤奶的研究表明动物很容易适应这种系统，但是牛奶的脂解和丁酸孢子计数增加了。然而，挤奶机器人的高昂成本以及在牧场上放牛时难以使用的事实似乎成为法国农民的障碍。相比之下，每天一次挤奶便宜，可以快速实施，并且很容易逆转到常规（即每天两次）挤奶。每天一次挤奶会导致牛奶产量下降（根据种类和环境从-15％降低到-46％），并且牛奶的蛋白质和脂质含量增加。仅限几个星期;否则，可能对乳房健康和牛奶质量有害。常规挤奶的其他替代方法可以改善农民的生活质量，包括在周日晚上抑制挤奶，改变挤奶间隔，以及每天一次挤奶和犊牛哺乳。这种技术的成功取决于选择能够忍受较大挤奶间隔的母牛的可能性。

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《Productions Animales》 |2008年第1期|共12页
作者
Pomies D.; Marnet P-G; Cournut S.; Barillet F.; Guinard-Flament J.; Remond B.;
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中图分类畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂;
关键词
quality of life; milk quality; udder health;

机译：生活质量;牛奶质量;乳房健康;

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1. Simplified milking methods in dairy herds: the end of twice-a-day milking constraints [J] . Pomies D., Marnet P-G, Cournut S., Productions Animales . 2008,第1期

机译：简化奶牛挤奶方法：每天两次挤奶限制的结束
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机译：案例研究：在智利乳制品运营中转移或丢弃牛奶的牛奶软管生物膜及其在畜群健康和牛奶质量中的潜在作用
5. Association Between Daily Cow Data and Milk Production in Dairy Herds Milked with Automatic Milking Systems [D] . Peiter, Mateus. 2021

机译：在乳制品牛奶中的日常牛数据和牛奶生产之间的关联挤奶自动挤奶系统
6. A bulk tank milk survey of Ostertagia ostertagi antibodies in dairy herds in Prince Edward Island and their relationship with herd management factors and milk yield [O] . Javier Sanchez, Ian Dohoo 2002

机译：爱德华王子岛奶牛场中Ostertagia ostertagi抗体的大容量罐装牛奶调查及其与牛群管理因素和牛奶产量的关系
7. Report drawn up on behalf of the Committeeon Agriculture on A. the proposals from the Commission of the European Communities to the Council (Doc. 1-893/83-COM(83) 548 final) for: I. a regulation amending Regulation (EEC) No. 804/68 on the common organization of the markets in milk and milk products. II. a regulation laying down general rules applying to the milk sector levy specified in Article 5(c) of Regulation (EEC) No. 804/68. III. a regulation laying down general rules applying to the milk sector levy specified in Article 5(d) of Regulation (EEC) No. 804/68. B. the proposals from the Commission of the European Communities to the Council (Doc. 1-996/83-COM(83) 611 final) for: I. a regulation amending Regulation (EEC No. 1723/81 as regards the possibility of granting aids for the use of butter in the manufacture of certain food-stuffs. II. a regulation amending Regulation (EEC) No. 1411/71 as regards the fat content of drinking milk. III. a regulation laying down general rules on the granting of aid for concentrated skimmed milk and concentrated milk for use as animal feed. IV. a regulation amending Regulation (EEC) No. 1269/79 with regard to the terms for the disposal of butter at a reduced price for direct consumption. C. the proposal from the Commission of the European Communities to the Council (Doc. 1-1113/83)-COM(83) 644 final) for a regulation amending Regulations (EEC) No. 1078/77 introducing a system of premiums for the non-marketing of milk and milk products and for the conversion of dairy herds. [O] . Woltjer E. 1984

机译：代表农业委员会编写的报告a.欧洲共同体委员会向理事会提交的建议（文件1-893 / 83-COm（83）548最终决定）：I。修订条例的规定（欧洲经济共同体））关于牛奶和奶制品市场共同组织的第804/68号。 II。规定适用于第804/68号条例（EEC）第5（c）条规定的牛奶部门征税的一般规则。 III。规定了适用于第804/68号条例（EEC）第5（d）条规定的牛奶部门征税的一般规则。 B.欧洲共同体委员会向理事会提交的提案（文件1-996 / 83-COm（83）611最终决定）：I。修订条例的规定（欧洲经济共同体第1723/81号关于可能性的规定）在制造某些食品时使用黄油的辅助手段.II。修订关于饮用牛奶脂肪含量的第1411/71号条例（EEC）的规定.III。关于授予的一般规则的规定对用作动物饲料的浓缩脱脂奶和浓缩奶的援助.IV。修订第1269/79号条例（EEC）关于以低价直接食用黄油的条款的规定。欧洲共同体委员会向理事会提交的文件（文件1-1113 / 83）-COm（83）644 final）关于修订第1078/77号条例（EEC）的法规，引入了非保险费制度销售牛奶和奶制品以及奶牛转换。

Simplified milking methods in dairy herds: the end of twice-a-day milking constraints

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