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首页> 外文期刊>Progres Agricole et Viticole >COMBINAISON DES METHODES CONVENTIONNELLES ET BIOTECHNOLOGIQUES DANS LA SELECTION DE PORTE - GREFFES PRESENTANT UNE RESISTANCE DURABLE A LA TRANSMISSION DE LA MALADIE DU COURT - NOUE (1)
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COMBINAISON DES METHODES CONVENTIONNELLES ET BIOTECHNOLOGIQUES DANS LA SELECTION DE PORTE - GREFFES PRESENTANT UNE RESISTANCE DURABLE A LA TRANSMISSION DE LA MALADIE DU COURT - NOUE (1)

机译：传统和生物技术方法的结合，选择能持久抵抗短领带疾病传播的移植物（1）

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摘要

Infectious degeneration, also called " court-noue " is caused by two virus : the grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and the arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) transmitted respectively by the nematodes Xiphinema index and X. index. In the next future, nematicides will be prohibited and another genetical option need is searched since several years. Firstly based on hybridization, it succeeded recently in the selection of a new rootstock, issued from the species Muscadinia rotundifolia, and expressing a high resistance to X. index. In field testings, the variety shows a resistance to the virus spread significantly higher than the cultivar SO4. However, the resistance is not complete and the cultural aptitudes need to be improved. The strategy developped is basedon two steps: Firstly, to introduce in the resistant variety and commercial rootstock cultivars, pathogen-derived virus resistances, whether directed against one virus, but induced by different transgenes (coat protein, replicase, movement protein...),or induced by the same transgene but directed against each virus causing the infectious degeneration. Secondly, to recombine by hybridization the different resistances in a same genotype with the required cultural aptitudes. Hybridization offers the opportunity to discard the undesirable selective marker genes, if the transformation is carried on with a Agrobacterium vector in which genes of interest and marker genes are borne on separate binary plasmids. In the framework of this strategy, the work thatis carried on actually has shown that transgenes (nptII, uidA and CP-GFLV) introduced in the genome of grapevine rootstocks are transmitted by hybridization and express normally with a mendelian segregation.
机译：传染性变性，也称为“宫廷噪声”，是由两种病毒引起的：葡萄线虫病毒（GFLV）和阿拉伯花叶病毒（ArMV）分别通过线虫Xiphinema指数和X.指数传播。在未来的将来，杀线虫剂将被禁止，并且从几年后开始寻找另一种遗传选择需求。首先，基于杂交，它最近成功地选择了一种新的砧木，该砧木是由圆叶麝香木（Muscadinia rotundifolia）发出的，并且对X. index具有很高的抗性。在现场测试中，该品种显示出对病毒传播的抵抗力明显高于品种SO4。但是，抵抗还不完全，需要提高文化素养。制定的策略基于两个步骤：首先，在抗性品种和商业砧木品种中引入病原体衍生的病毒抗性，无论是针对一种病毒，还是由不同的转基因（外壳蛋白，复制酶，运动蛋白等）诱导。或由相同的转基因诱导但针对每种引起感染性变性的病毒。其次，通过杂交将相同基因型的不同抗性与所需的培养能力进行重组。如果用农杆菌载体进行转化，杂交提供了抛弃不想要的选择性标记基因的机会，其中目的基因和标记基因承载在单独的二元质粒上。在这种策略的框架内，正在进行的工作实际上表明，导入到葡萄砧木基因组中的转基因（nptII，uidA和CP-GFLV）是通过杂交传递的，并且通常以孟德尔分离方式表达。

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