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Recent experimental progress in nuclear halo structure studies

机译：核晕结构研究的最新实验进展

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Recent developments (since the last review in J. of Physics G by I. Tanihata in 1996 [1]) at RIB facilities opened possibilities of detailed studies of halo nuclei. New facilities have been constructed to provide higher intensity beams of radioactive nuclei in a wide range of energies. At the time of the last review, only secondary beams by projectile fragmentation were the production source of halo nuclei for use in reaction studies. Since then, re-acceleration facilities have been developed and thus high-quality low-energy beams become available for the reaction studies. The wide variety of new data are thus available on halo nuclei and nuclei on and outside of proton and neutron drip lines. Low energy beams provided a means to determine the masses and charge radii of halo nuclei (6,8He, 11Li). Also transfer reactions have been measured in many nuclei far from the stability line. In fragmentation facilities, new experimental methods such as gamma ray detection in coincidence with breakup fragments of halo nuclei have been developed. Also the reaction cross sections have been measured in a wide range of beam energies. In addition, proton elastic scattering of halo nuclei has been measured at high energies. All together, studies of density distribution, identification of shell orbitals and spectroscopic factors of halo wave function became possible. Such studies reveal many new important information such as the change of magic numbers in nuclei far from the stability line. In this article, we would like to review the experimental developments on halo nuclei and other related drip line nuclei. Also the new view of the nuclear structure learned from such studies will be discussed. Development of selected theories on related nuclear structure problems will be mentioned briefly.
机译：RIB设施的最新发展（自I. Tanihata于1996年在I. Tanihata的J. Physics G中进行的最新综述）开始为详细研究晕核提供了可能。已经建造了新的设施，以在各种能量范围内提供更高强度的放射性核束。在最后一次审查时，只有通过弹丸碎裂的次要光束才是用于反应研究的光环核的生产来源。从那时起，已经开发了再加速设备，因此高质量的低能束可用于反应研究。因此，关于晕核和质子和中子滴水线外的晕核和核的大量新数据可用。低能束提供了一种确定晕核（6,8He，11Li）的质量和电荷半径的方法。还已经在远离稳定线的许多核中测量了转移反应。在碎片化设施中，已经开发出了新的实验方法，例如与晕核分裂碎片同时发生的伽马射线检测。同样，已经在宽范围的束能量中测量了反应截面。另外，已经在高能量下测量了卤素原子核的质子弹性散射。总之，密度分布，壳轨道的识别以及晕波函数的光谱学因素的研究成为可能。这些研究揭示了许多新的重要信息，例如远离稳定线的原子核中的幻数变化。在本文中，我们想回顾一下晕核和其他相关滴线核的实验进展。还将讨论从此类研究中学到的关于核结构的新观点。将简要提及有关核结构问题的某些理论的发展。

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