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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics >Searching for ultra high energy neutrinos from space
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Searching for ultra high energy neutrinos from space

机译：从太空中寻找超高能中微子

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Observations of neutrinos at Ultra High Energies (UHE), from a few 1018 eV to beyond the decade of 1020 eV, are an extraordinary opportunity to explore this still largely unknown Universe and present us a tremendous experimental challenge. It is indeed expected that observations of (and cosmic rays) will provide entirely new information on the sources and on the physical mechanisms able to accelerate these extreme messengers to macroscopic energies. However, as extensively debated in the last few years, UHE particles might, also, carry evidence of unknown physics or of exotic particles, relics of the early Universe. To reach these goals, high statistics, high quality observations are required. This implies innovative experiments with larger acceptances and good understanding of systematic uncertainties. The ground-based Pierre Auger Observatory, whose southern site is expected to be completed in Malargue, Argentina by the end of 2006, will surely provide, in the near future, a more solid observational scenario for UHE Cosmic Rays (UHECR). However, only space-based observatories can reach the effective area necessary to systematically explore the UHE universe. Space-based observatories are likely to be essential for neutrino observations at UHE. In fact only a few UHE neutrinos will be detected by the current planned observatories and only if the most promising estimates for fluxes applies. In the present paper, after summarizing the science rationale behind studies, we review the status of current experimental efforts, with the main emphasis on the actual generation of space-based observatories. We also briefly discuss the scientific goals, the requirements and the R&D of a “next-generation” space-based mission for UHE observations. The opening of the ESA “Cosmic Vision 2015–2025” long term plan provides, in the very near future, an unique opportunity to develop such a challenging and innovative observatory for UHE.
机译：超高能（UHE）中微子的观测，从几个1018 eV到超过1020 eV的十年，是探索这个仍然未知的宇宙的绝佳机会，这给我们带来了巨大的实验挑战。确实可以预期，（和宇宙射线）的观测将提供有关源和使这些极端信使加速向宏观能量加速的物理机制的全新信息。但是，正如最近几年广泛争论的那样，超高纯粒子也可能带有未知物理学的证据或奇异粒子（即早期宇宙遗迹）的证据。为了实现这些目标，需要高统计量，高质量的观测值。这意味着创新的实验将被更大的接受度，并对系统不确定性有很好的理解。皮埃尔·奥格天文台地面站预计将于2006年底在阿根廷的马拉格建成，其南部站点必将在不久的将来为UHE宇宙射线（UHECR）提供更可靠的观测方案。但是，只有基于太空的天文台才能到达系统探索UHE宇宙所需的有效区域。天文台可能是超高等学校中微子观测必不可少的。实际上，只有计划中最有希望的通量估算应用，当前计划的观测站才能检测到少数UHE中微子。在本文中，在总结了研究背后的科学原理之后，我们回顾了当前实验工作的状态，主要侧重于天文台的实际产生。我们还简要讨论了用于“超高层”观测的“下一代”天基任务的科学目标，要求和研发。欧空局“ 2015–2025年宇宙愿景”长期计划的发布，在不久的将来为为UHE开发具有挑战性和创新性的天文台提供了独特的机会。

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