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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in Physical Geography >Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China: review and perspective
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Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China: review and perspective

机译：黄土高原地区水土保持：回顾与展望

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摘要

The Loess Plateau, China, has long been suffering from serious soil erosion. About 2000 years ago, larger areas were used for grain production and soil erosion was thus becoming severe with increase in human activity. Severe soil and water loss led to widespread land degradation. During the past decades, great efforts were made in vegetation restoration to reduce soil erosion. However, the efficiency of vegetation restoration was not as satisfactory as expected due to water shortage. China initiated another state-funded scheme, the 'Grain-for-Green' project in 1999, on the Loess Plateau to reduce soil erosion and improve land quality. However, the control of soil erosion effectively by land-use modification raised problems. In this paper, the lessons and experiences regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau in the past decades are analysed first. Urgent problems are then elaborated, such as the contradiction between land resource and human population, shortage of water both in amount and tempospatial distribution for vegetation growth, weak awareness of the problems of soil conservation by local officials, and poor public participation in soil and water conservation. Finally, suggestions regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau are given. In order to control soil erosion and improve vegetation, a scientific and detailed land-use plan for the Loess Plateau has to be made, in the first instance, and then planning for wise use of water resources should be undertaken to control mass movement effectively and to improve land productivity. Methods of improving public awareness of environmental conservation and public involvement in vegetation rehabilitation are also important.
机译：中国的黄土高原长期遭受严重的土壤侵蚀。大约2000年前，人们将较大的面积用于谷物生产，因此土壤侵蚀随着人类活动的增加而变得越来越严重。水土流失严重导致土地广泛退化。在过去的几十年中，在植被恢复方面做出了巨大的努力以减少水土流失。然而，由于缺水，植被恢复的效率不及预期。中国于1999年在黄土高原上发起了另一个由国家资助的计划，即“绿色换粮”项目，以减少水土流失并改善土地质量。然而，通过土地利用改良有效控制土壤侵蚀提出了问题。本文首先分析了黄土高原近几十年来水土保持的经验教训。然后阐述了紧迫的问题，例如土地资源与人口之间的矛盾，用于植被生长的水量和时空分布方面的缺水，地方官员对水土保持问题的认识不足，以及公众对水土资源的不良参与保护。最后，提出了黄土高原水土保持的建议。为了控制水土流失和改善植被，首先必须制定科学，详细的黄土高原土地利用计划，然后应计划合理使用水资源，以有效地控制群众活动并提高土地生产力。提高公众的环境保护意识和公众参与植被恢复的方法也很重要。

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