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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >Neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and new genes for schizophrenia.
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Neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and new genes for schizophrenia.

机译：神经发育，神经可塑性和精神分裂症的新基因。

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摘要

Schizophrenia is a complex, debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder. Epidemiological, clinical, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological studies have provided substantial evidence that abnormalities in brain development and ongoing neuroplasticity play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Complementing these clinical studies, a range of cytoarchitectural, morphometric, ultrastructural, immunochemical, and gene expression methods have been applied in investigations of postmortem brain tissues to characterize the cellular and molecular profile of putative developmental and plastic abnormalities in schizophrenia. While findings have been diverse and many are in need of replication, investigations focusing on higher cortical and limbic brain regions are increasingly demonstrating abnormalities in the structural and molecular integrity of the synaptic complex as well as glutamate-related receptors and signal transduction pathways that play critical roles in brain development, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Most exciting have been recent associations of schizophrenia with specific genes, such as neuregulin-1, dysbindin-1, and AKT-1, which are vital to synaptic development, neurotransmission, and plasticity.
机译：精神分裂症是一种复杂的，使人衰弱的神经精神疾病。流行病学，临床，神经心理学和神经生理学研究已提供大量证据，表明大脑发育异常和正在进行的神经可塑性在该疾病的发病机理中起重要作用。作为这些临床研究的补充，一系列细胞结构，形态，超微结构，免疫化学和基因表达方法已应用于死后脑组织的研究中，以表征精神分裂症的假定发育和塑性异常的细胞和分子特征。尽管发现的结果多种多样，并且许多都需要复制，但是针对皮质和边缘大脑较高区域的研究越来越多地证明突触复合物以及与谷氨酸相关的受体和信号转导途径起着至关重要的结构和分子完整性异常。在大脑发育，突触形成和突触可塑性中的作用。最近最令人兴奋的是精神分裂症与特定基因的关联，例如神经调节蛋白-1，dysbindin-1和AKT-1，它们对突触发育，神经传递和可塑性至关重要。

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