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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >The out-of body experience: precipitating factors and neural correlates.
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The out-of body experience: precipitating factors and neural correlates.

机译：身体外体验：诱发因素和神经相关性。

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Out-of-body experiences (OBEs) are defined as experiences in which a person seems to be awake and sees his body and the world from a location outside his physical body. More precisely, they can be defined by the presence of the following three phenomenological characteristics: (i) disembodiment (location of the self outside one's body); (ii) the impression of seeing the world from an elevated and distanced visuo-spatial perspective (extracorporeal, but egocentric visuo-spatial perspective); and (iii) the impression of seeing one's own body (autoscopy) from this perspective. OBEs have fascinated mankind from time immemorial and are abundant in folklore, mythology, and spiritual experiences of most ancient and modern societies. Here, we review some of the classical precipitating factors of OBEs such as sleep, drug abuse, and general anesthesia as well as their neurobiology and compare them with recent findings on neurological and neurocognitive mechanisms of OBEs. The reviewed data suggest that OBEs are due to functional disintegration of lower-level multisensory processing and abnormal higher-level self-processing at the temporo-parietal junction. We argue that the experimental investigation of the interactions between these multisensory and cognitive mechanisms in OBEs and related illusions in combination with neuroimaging and behavioral techniques might further our understanding of the central mechanisms of corporal awareness and self-consciousness much as previous research about the neural bases of complex body part illusions such as phantom limbs has done.
机译：体外体验（OBE）定义为一个人似乎醒着并从其身体以外的位置看到其身体和世界的体验。更准确地说，可以通过以下三个现象学特征来定义它们：（i）肉体化（自我在人体外的位置）; （ii）从高而远的视觉空间角度（体外，但以自我为中心的视觉空间角度）看世界的印象; （iii）从这个角度看自己的身体的感觉（自视镜）。 OBE从远古时代就着迷于人类，并且在大多数古代和现代社会的民俗，神话和精神经历中都有丰富的经验。在这里，我们回顾了OBE的一些经典促发因素，例如睡眠，药物滥用和全身麻醉以及它们的神经生物学，并将它们与OBE的神经学和神经认知机制的最新发现进行了比较。审查的数据表明，OBE是由于颞下顶交界处较低水平的多感官处理和异常的较高水平的自我处理功能崩溃而引起的。我们认为，结合神经影像学和行为技术对OBE和相关错觉中这些多感官和认知机制之间的相互作用进行实验研究，可能会像以前关于神经基础的研究一样，进一步加深我们对体觉和自我意识的中心机制的理解。幻影四肢等复杂的身体部位错觉已完成。

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