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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases >The economics of smoking and cardiovascular disease.
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The economics of smoking and cardiovascular disease.

机译：吸烟和心血管疾病的经济学。

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摘要

The direct medical cost of cardiovascular and circulatory diseases was usd 151 billion in 1995, approximately 17% of all direct medical care costs in the United States. Incidence and prevalence based estimates indicate that smoking is a major contributing factor for cardiovascular disease and associated costs. Statewide smoking control programs and workplace and public area smoking bans are effective in reducing smoking prevalence. Smoking cessation therapies are very cost-effective interventions for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Incidence based estimates indicate that smoking cessation control expenditures in the United States have been a cost effective method for reducing the direct medical costs of cardiovascular disease in the past, and may be cost saving in the future. The expected cost of producing an additional ex-smoker has been estimated to be approximately usd 1,000 to usd 1,500. Most or all of this cost can be recovered in the short run from savings in avoided heart attacks and strokes alone in healthy quitters. Observational studies of the direct medical costs following cessation in those observed to quit show a reduction utilization, but which may occur only after a lag of three to five years.
机译：1995年，心血管疾病和循环系统疾病的直接医疗费用为1,510亿美元，约占美国所有直接医疗费用的17％。基于发病率和患病率的估计表明，吸烟是导致心血管疾病和相关费用的主要因素。州范围内的吸烟控制计划以及工作场所和公共场所的禁烟令可有效降低吸烟率。戒烟疗法是预防心血管疾病的非常经济有效的干预措施。基于事件的估计值表明，美国过去的戒烟控制支出一直是降低心血管疾病直接医疗成本的经济有效方法，并且将来可能会节省成本。生产另一台除烟机的预计成本大约为1,000美元至1,500美元。从短期来看，可以通过节省健康的戒烟者中避免的心脏病发作和中风而节省下来的大部分或全部成本。对停止观察到的戒烟后直接医疗费用的观察研究表明，使用率降低了，但只有在三到五年的滞后之后才会发生。

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