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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >Synaptic mechanisms that shape visual signaling at the inner retina.
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Synaptic mechanisms that shape visual signaling at the inner retina.

机译：形成内部视网膜视觉信号的突触机制。

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摘要

The retina is a layered structure that processes information in two stages. The outer plexiform layer (OPL) comprises the first stage and is where photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and horizontal cells interact synaptically. This is the synaptic layer where ON and OFF responses to light are formed, as well as the site where receptive field center and surround organization is first thought to occur. The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is where the second stage of synaptic interactions occurs. This synaptic layer is where subsequent visual processing occurs that may contribute to the formation of transient responses, which may underlie motion and direction sensitivity. In addition, synaptic interactions in the IPL may also contribute to the classical ganglion cell receptive field properties. This chapter will focus on the synapse and network properties at the IPL that sculpt light-evoked ganglion cell responses. These include synaptic mechanisms that may shape ganglion cell responses like desensitizing glutamate receptors and transporters, which remove glutamate from the synapse. Recent work suggests that inhibitory signaling at the IPL contributes to the surround receptive field organization of ganglion cells. A component of this amacrine cell inhibitory signaling is mediated by GABAC receptors, which are found on bipolar cell axon terminals in the IPL. Pharmacological experiments show that a component of the ganglion cell surround signal is mediated by these receptors, indicating that the ganglion cell center and surround receptive field organization is not formed entirely in the outer plexiform layer, as earlier thought.
机译：视网膜是一个分层结构，可在两个阶段处理信息。外部丛状层（OPL）包括第一阶段，是感光体，双极细胞和水平细胞突触相互作用的地方。这是形成对光的ON和OFF响应的突触层，以及首先认为发生感受野中心和周围组织的部位。内部的丛状层（IPL）是第二阶段的突触相互作用发生的地方。该突触层是发​​生后续视觉处理的地方，可能有助于瞬态响应的形成，这可能是运动和方向敏感性的基础。此外，IPL中的突触相互作用也可能有助于经典神经节细胞感受野特性。本章将重点介绍雕刻光诱发的神经节细胞反应的IPL的突触和网络特性。这些包括可能影响神经节细胞反应的突触机制，例如使谷氨酸受体和转运蛋白脱敏，这会从突触中去除谷氨酸。最近的工作表明，IPL处的抑制性信号传导有助于神经节细胞的周围感受野组织。该无长春碱细胞抑制信号转导的一个成分是由GABAC受体介导的，该受体在IPL的双极细胞轴突末端上发现。药理实验表明，神经节细胞周围信号的一个成分是由这些受体介导的，这表明神经节细胞中心和周围的感受野组织并没有完全形成在外丛状层中，这是早先的想法。

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