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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in brain research >Consciousness and epilepsy: why are patients with absence seizures absent?
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Consciousness and epilepsy: why are patients with absence seizures absent?

机译:意识和癫痫:为什么缺少失神发作的患者?

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Epileptic seizures cause dynamic, reversible changes in brain function and are often associated with loss of consciousness. Of all seizure types, absence seizures lead to the most selective deficits in consciousness, with relatively little motor or other manifestations. Impaired consciousness in absence seizures is not monolithic, but varies in severity between patients and even between episodes in the same patient. In addition, some aspects of consciousness may be more severely involved than other aspects. The mechanisms for this variability are not known. Here we review the literature on human absence seizures and discuss a hypothesis for why effects on consciousness may be variable. Based on behavioral studies, electrophysiology, and recent neuroimaging and molecular investigations, we propose absence seizures impair focal, not generalized brain functions. Impaired consciousness in absence seizures may be caused by focal disruption of information processing in specific corticothalamic networks, while other networks are spared. Deficits in selective and varying cognitive functions may lead to impairment in different aspects of consciousness. Further investigations of the relationship between behavior and altered network function in absence seizures may improve our understanding of both normal and impaired consciousness.
机译:癫痫性癫痫发作会导致大脑功能发生动态,可逆的变化,并常常与意识丧失有关。在所有癫痫发作类型中,失神性癫痫会导致意识的选择性缺陷最多,运动或其他表现相对较少。在没有癫痫发作的情况下意识障碍并非单一的,而是患者之间甚至同一患者发作之间的严重程度有所不同。此外,意识的某些方面可能比其他方面更为严重。这种可变性的机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们回顾了有关人类失神发作的文献,并讨论了为什么对意识的影响可能是可变的假设。基于行为研究,电生理学以及最近的神经影像和分子研究,我们提出失神发作会损害病灶,而不是泛化的脑功能。在没有癫痫发作的情况下,意识障碍可能是由于特定皮层丘脑网络中信息处理的局灶性破坏引起的,而其他网络则被保留。选择性和变化性认知功能的缺陷可能导致意识不同方面的损伤。在没有癫痫发作的情况下,对行为与网络功能改变之间关系的进一步研究可能会增进我们对正常意识和受损意识的理解。

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