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首页> 外文期刊>Psychonomic bulletin & review >Relative judgement is relatively difficult: Evidence against the role of relative judgement in absolute identification
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Relative judgement is relatively difficult: Evidence against the role of relative judgement in absolute identification

机译：相对判断相对困难：反对相对判断在绝对识别中的作用的证据

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A variety of processes have been put forward to explain absolute identification performance. One difference between current models of absolute identification is the extent to which the task involves accessing stored representations in long-term memory (e.g. exemplars in memory, Kent & Lamberts, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 31, 289-305, 2005) or relative judgement (comparison of the current stimulus to the stimulus on the previous trial, Stewart, Brown & Chater, Psychological Review, 112, 881-911, 2005). In two experiments we explored this by tapping into these processes. In Experiment 1 participants completed an absolute identification task using eight line lengths whereby a single stimulus was presented on each trial for identification. They also completed a matching task aimed at mirroring exemplar comparison in which eight line lengths were presented in a circular array and the task was to report which of these matched a target presented centrally. Experiment 2 was a relative judgement task and was similar to Experiment 1 except that the task was to report the difference (jump-size) between the current stimulus and that on the previous trial. The absolute identification and matching data showed clear similarities (faster and more accurate responding for stimuli near the edges of the range and similar stimulus-response confusions). In contrast, relative judgment performance was poor suggesting relative judgement is not straightforward. Moreover, performance as a function of jump-size differed considerably between the relative judgement and absolute identification tasks. Similarly, in the relative judgement task, predicting correct stimulus identification based on successful relative judgement yielded the reverse pattern of performance observed in the absolute identification task. Overall, the data suggest that relative judgement does not underlie absolute identification and that the task is more likely reliant on an exemplar comparison process.
机译：已经提出了各种过程来解释绝对识别性能。当前的绝对识别模型之间的差异是任务涉及访问长期记忆中存储的表示的程度（例如记忆中的范例，Kent＆Lamberts，《实验心理学杂志：学习记忆与认知》，第31卷，第289-305页， 2005年）或相对判断（将当前刺激方案与先前试验的刺激方案进行比较，斯图尔特，布朗和查特，《心理评论》，第112卷，第881-911页，2005年）。在两个实验中，我们通过利用这些过程对此进行了探索。在实验1中，参与者使用八条线长完成了绝对识别任务，从而在每个试验中都提供了一个刺激信号以进行识别。他们还完成了一个匹配任务，旨在镜像示例比较，其中以圆形阵列显示了八行长度，并且任务是报告其中哪些与集中显示的目标匹配。实验2是一项相对判断任务，与实验1相似，除了任务是报告当前刺激与先前刺激之间的差异（跳跃大小）。绝对识别和匹配数据显示出明显的相似性（对范围边缘附近的刺激做出更快更准确的响应以及类似的刺激响应混淆）。相反，相对判断表现差，表明相对判断并不简单。此外，在相对判断和绝对识别任务之间，作为跳跃大小的函数的性能也有很大差异。类似地，在相对判断任务中，基于成功的相对判断预测正确的刺激识别会产生在绝对识别任务中观察到的相反表现模式。总体而言，数据表明相对判断并不构成绝对识别的基础，并且该任务更有可能依赖于示例性比较过程。

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