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首页> 外文期刊>Psychosomatic Medicine: Journal of the American Psychosomatic Society >Psychologic functioning and physical health: a paradigm of flexibility.
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Psychologic functioning and physical health: a paradigm of flexibility.

机译：心理功能和身体健康：灵活性的典范。

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Recent evidence suggests that positive psychologic factors may be protective against coronary artery disease (CAD). We consider this possibility through a paradigm that explores three interrelated factors that may promote healthy psychologic functioning: vitality, emotional flexibility, and coping flexibility. Vitality is a positive and restorative emotional state that is associated with a sense of enthusiasm and energy. Flexibility is related both to the ability to regulate emotions effectively and cope effectively with challenging daily experiences. A variety of factors may diminish vitality, including chronic stress and negative emotions. Pathophysiologically, chronic stress and negative emotional states can both invoke a "chronic stress response" characterized by increased stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with resultant peripheral effects, including augmented heart rate and blood pressure responsiveness and delayed recovery to stressful stimuli. Research indicates a wide array of stressful conditions--associated with either elements of relative inflexibility in psychologic functioning and/or relatively unabated stressful stimulation--that are associated with this type of exhausting hyperarousal. Conversely, new data suggest that positive psychologic factors, including positive emotions, optimism, and social support, may diminish physiological hyperresponsiveness and/or reduce adverse clinical event rates. Still other positive factors such as gratitude and altruistic behavior have been linked to a heightened sense of well-being but have not yet been tested for beneficial physiological effects. Pending further study, these observations could serve as the basis for expanding the potential behavioral interventions that may be used to assist patients with psychosocial risk factors for CAD.
机译：最近的证据表明，积极的心理因素可能会预防冠心病（CAD）。我们通过探讨三种可能促进健康心理功能的相互关联的因素的范式来考虑这种可能性：活力，情绪灵活性和应对灵活性。活力是一种积极的，恢复性的情感状态，与热情和活力感相关。灵活性既与有效调节情绪，有效应对挑战性日常经验的能力有关。多种因素可能会降低活力，包括慢性压力和负面情绪。在病理生理上，慢性压力和负性情绪状态都可以引起“慢性压力反应”，其特征是对交感神经系统和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的刺激增加，从而导致周围的影响，包括心律和血压反应加快以及恢复延迟压力刺激。研究表明，与这种类型的精疲力竭有关，各种各样的压力状况-与心理功能中相对僵硬的因素和/或相对不减弱的压力刺激相关。相反，新数据表明，积极的心理因素，包括积极的情绪，乐观和社会支持，可能会降低生理反应过度和/或降低不良临床事件发生率。其他积极因素，例如感激和无私的行为，也与幸福感增强有关，但尚未对有益的生理作用进行测试。在等待进一步研究之前，这些观察结果可作为扩展潜在行为干预措施的基础，这些行为干预措施可用于帮助患有CAD的社会心理风险因素的患者。

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