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首页> 外文期刊>Psychosomatic Medicine: Journal of the American Psychosomatic Society >The role of rumination in recovery from reactivity: cardiovascular consequences of emotional States.
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The role of rumination in recovery from reactivity: cardiovascular consequences of emotional States.

机译：反刍在反应性恢复中的作用：情绪状态的心血管后果。

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OBJECTIVE: While most investigations of the link between blood pressure responses and later disease have focused on acute reactivity during stressful tasks, there is some theoretical and empirical reason to believe that examining recovery and later re-creations of BP responses may also be useful. Two experiments explored situational determinants of sustained BP elevations, examining whether the extent of recovery and the ability to later mentally recreate the response are influenced by the magnitude or emotionality of the initial task and also whether preventing rumination after a stressor has ended speeds recovery. METHOD: Experiment 1, with 72 normotensive male and female undergraduates, examined BP and heart rate before, during, and after a task and also before, during, and after the mental re-creation of that task. Four tasks were used, designed to produce high initial reactivity with an emotional component (mental arithmetic with harassment), low reactivity with emotion (shock avoidance), high reactivity without emotion (physical exercise), or low reactivity without emotion (cold pressor). Experiment 2, with 20 normotensive male and female undergraduates, compared the cardiovascular recovery of persons who were either given a distractor task or just sat quietly immediately after a mental arithmetic task. RESULTS: Study 1 revealed that only the emotional tasks were associated with delayed BP recovery and elevations during later rumination. Blood pressure during recovery and later rumination was independent of the original reactivity. Experiment 2 found that participants with the distractor, who presumably could not ruminate, showed better BP recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Situations that put people at risk may include not just those that cause large BP elevations, but also emotion-producing situations that lead to sustained and recurring elevations.
机译：目的：虽然大多数有关血压反应与后来的疾病之间联系的研究都集中在压力任务期间的急性反应性，但有一些理论和经验上的理由认为，检查血压反应的恢复和以后的再造也可能有用。两项实验探讨了持续性BP升高的情境决定因素，研究了恢复程度和以后在心理上恢复反应的能力是否受初始任务的强度或情绪影响，以及是否在应激源结束后防止反省加快了恢复速度。方法：实验1，由72名血压正常的男女大学生组成，在完成任务之前，过程中和之后以及完成任务之前，过程中和之后检查血压和心率。使用了四个任务，这些任务被设计为产生带有情感成分的高初始反应性（带有骚扰的心理算术），带有情感的低反应性（避免电击），没有情感的高反应性（体育锻炼）或没有情感的低反应性（冷压）。实验2中有20名血压正常的男女大学生，比较了接受分心任务或只是在心算任务后安静地坐着的人的心血管恢复情况。结果：研究1显示，只有情感任务与后来反刍中的BP恢复延迟和血压升高有关。恢复和以后反刍过程中的血压与最初的反应性无关。实验2发现，具有干扰力的参与者（可能无法反省）表现出更好的BP恢复。结论：使人们处于危险之中的情况不仅包括导致血压升高较大的情况，而且还包括导致持续和反复升高的情绪产生情况。

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