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首页> 外文期刊>Psychosomatic Medicine: Journal of the American Psychosomatic Society >Genetic influences on life span and its relationship to personality: a 16-year follow-up study of a sample of aging twins.
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Genetic influences on life span and its relationship to personality: a 16-year follow-up study of a sample of aging twins.

机译：遗传因素对寿命的影响及其与人格的关系：对老化的双胞胎样本进行的为期16年的随访研究。

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OBJECTIVE: The relationship between personality and life span is not well understood, and no study to date has examined genetic influences underlying this relationship. The present study aimed to explore the phenotypic and genetic relationship between personality and life span, as well as genetic influences on all-cause mortality. METHODS: Prospective community-based study including 3752 twin individuals older than 50 years. Neuroticism, psychoticism, extraversion, and social desirability and pessimism/optimism were measured at baseline using the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Revised Life Orientation Test, respectively. Information on age at death was obtained 16 years after the initial assessment of personality. RESULTS: Extraversion was inversely related to mortality with the risk of death decreasing 3% per unit increase of the extraversion score. Psychoticism and pessimism were positively related to mortality with a 36% and 39% increase in risk of death per unit increase in the respective personality score. Heritability of life span was 7%. Cross-twin cross-trait hazard ratios (HRs) were only significant for optimism/pessimism in monozygotic (MZ) twins with no significant differences in HRs between MZ and dizygotic twins in all traits; however, there was a trend for slightly higher HRs in MZ compared with dizygotic twins in psychoticism and optimism/pessimism. CONCLUSIONS: Extraversion, psychoticism, and optimism/pessimism are significant predictors of longevity; extraversion is associated with a reduction, and pessimism and psychoticism are associated with an increase in mortality risk. Genetic influences on longevity in Australian twins are very low (7%). Our data also suggest a small, albeit nonsignificant, genetic influence on the relationship of pessimism and psychoticism with life span.
机译：目的：人格和寿命之间的关系尚未得到很好的理解，迄今为止，尚无研究检查这种关系背后的遗传影响。本研究旨在探讨人格和寿命之间的表型和遗传关系，以及遗传对全因死亡率的影响。方法：基于社区的前瞻性研究包括3752名年龄超过50岁的双胞胎个体。在基线时分别使用经修订的艾森克人格问卷和经修订的生活定向测验测量了神经质，精神病，外向性以及社会的渴望和悲观/乐观。在初步评估人格后16年获得死亡年龄信息。结果：外向性与死亡率成反比，每增加外向性得分，死亡风险降低3％。精神病和悲观情绪与死亡率呈正相关，其人格得分每升高1个单位，死亡风险分别增加36％和39％。寿命的遗传力为7％。交叉双性状的性状危险比（HRs）仅对单卵（MZ）双胞胎的乐观/悲观感显着，而在所有性状中，MZ和同卵双生双胞胎的HRs没有显着差异。然而，在精神病和乐观/悲观情绪方面，与双卵双胞胎相比，MZ的HR呈略高的趋势。结论：外向性，精神病和乐观/悲观情绪是长寿的重要指标。外向性与减少有关，悲观和精神病与死亡风险增加有关。对澳大利亚双胞胎寿命的遗传影响非常低（7％）。我们的数据还表明，对悲观主义和精神病与寿命之间关系的遗传影响很小，尽管不显着。

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