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Change in Self-Discrepancy, Anxiety, and Depression in Individual Therapy

机译：个体治疗中自我差异，焦虑和抑郁的变化

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This study tested hypotheses of change in the real-ideal (RI) and real-ought (RO) self-discrepancies over the course of therapy, based on Rogers's (1959) theory of personality change in therapy. Before and after therapy with 20 therapists of diverse theoretical orientations at a university counseling center, 99 undergraduate and graduate students completed three instruments that measure both self-discrepancies: the Self-Concept Questionnaire-Personal Constructs, the Self-Concept Questionnaire-Conventional Constructs, and the Abstract Measures. Participants also completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Trait scale, and the Symptom Checklist-90-R Anxiety and Depression scales. Therapy outcome showed substantial decreases on all measures. Changes in the RI and RO self-discrepancies were associated with changes in anxiety and depression. Change in the RI self-discrepancy was associated with change in the RO self-discrepancy. Decreases in self-discrepancy comprised increases in real self and decreases in ideal self and ought self. Findings were independent of therapist theoretical orientation. The findings support the use of the self-discrepancy instruments in future research on therapy process and outcome. The findings also provide a basis for incorporating the self-discrepancy constructs into theory and research on mechanisms of therapeutic change.
机译：这项研究基于罗杰斯（1959）治疗中的人格改变理论，检验了治疗过程中真实理想（RI）和真实想法（RO）自相差变化的假设。在大学咨询中心接受20位具有不同理论取向的治疗师的治疗前后，有99名本科生和研究生完成了三种可衡量自我差异的工具：自我概念问卷-个人建构，自我概念问卷-传统建构，和抽象措施。参与者还完成了Beck抑郁量表II，状态-特质焦虑量表特质量表和Symptom Checklist-90-R焦虑和抑郁量表。治疗结果显示所有措施均大幅下降。 RI和RO自我差异的变化与焦虑和抑郁的变化相关。 RI自耗的变化与RO自耗的变化相关。自我差异的减少包括真实自我的增加，理想自我和应该自我的减少。研究结果与治疗师的理论取向无关。这些发现支持在治疗过程和结果的未来研究中使用自差工具。这些发现也为将自我差异构建纳入理论和治疗变化机制研究提供了基础。

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